-
作者：Wellesley College; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：We analyze the effects of ownership of liberty bonds on election outcomes in the 1920s. We find that counties with higher liberty bond ownership rates turned against the Democratic Party in the presidential elections of 1920 and 1924. This was a reaction to the depreciation of the bonds prior to the 1920 election (when the Democrats held the presidency) and the appreciation of the bonds in the early 1920s (under a Republican president), as the Federal Reserve raised and then subsequently lower...
-
作者：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Leibniz University Hannover
-
作者：Yale University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
-
作者：Bowdoin College; National Bureau of Economic Research
-
作者：University Hohenheim; University of Mannheim
摘要：In the second half of the nineteenth century, the patent office of the German state Wuerttemberg strategically discriminated against foreign inventors by charging comparatively high patent fees. We show that this administrative practice was driven by fiscal and protectionist motives.
-
作者：University of Barcelona; University of Melbourne
摘要：While credit supply growth is associated with exacerbating financial crises, its impact on long-run growth is unclear. Market access similarly has ambiguous economic effects over time. Using regional variation in bond payments to samurai and the introduction of railways in nineteenth century Japan, we find that together they are associated with persistent redistributive effects between regions and sectors. Areas with higher bond value and railway access experienced tertiary sector growth and p...
-
作者：University of California System; University of California Irvine
-
作者：Columbia University
-
作者：European University Institute
-
作者：University of California System; University of California Davis
