-
作者：Guo, Shiqi; An, Jiafu
作者单位：Shanghai Jiao Tong University; University of Aberdeen
摘要：This paper uses a natural experiment to estimate the causal impact of low-casualty terrorist attacks on pessimistic beliefs in Africa. Distinct from fear, pessimism has been found to hinder optimal economic decisions and well-being. By comparing survey responses of people interviewed in the same area immediately before and after a terrorist attack, we find that terrorism increases pessimism about future living conditions by 11 percentage points. The effect is not driven by the direct damages o...
-
作者：Beaman, Lori; Onder, Harun; Onder, Stefanie
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; The World Bank; American University
摘要：This paper provides an empirical analysis of refugee returns to Syria. Since 2011, about 5.6 million Syrians more than a quarter of the country's pre-conflict population - have been registered as refugees. By mid-2018, only about 1.8 percent of them had returned to Syria voluntarily. This paper compiles a novel data set with administrative data for 2 million refugees, existing and new household surveys, a new conflict-events database, and nightlights data for Syria to analyze the correlates of...
-
作者：Alloush, Mo; Bloem, Jeffrey R.
作者单位：Hamilton College; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
摘要：We estimate the relationship between neighborhood violence and psychological well-being using nationally representative panel data from South Africa. We use data on household-level perceptions of neighborhood violence as well as reported crimes and local media reports to measure violence. First, we find the poor live in neighborhoods that they perceive to have higher levels of violence and have objectively more violence. Second, higher levels of both perceived and objective violence are strong...
-
作者：Dhami, Sanjit; Arshad, Junaid; al-Nowaihi, Ali
作者单位：University of Leicester; University of St Andrews
摘要：We study, theoretically and empirically, the effort choices of microfinance borrowers under individual liability (IL) and joint liability (JL) contracts when loan repayments are made either privately or publicly. Our theoretical model identifies guilt aversion in a JL contract and shame aversion under public repayment of loans as the main psychological drivers of effort choice. Evidence from our lab-in-the-field experiment in Pakistan reveals large treatment effects and confirms the central ro...
-
作者：Cheng, Nora; Fan, Elliott; Wu, Tsong-Min
作者单位：National Taiwan University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; National Taiwan University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We analyze the economic motives for the sudden demise in foot-binding, a self-harming custom widely practiced by Chinese females for centuries. We use newly-discovered Taiwanese data to estimate the extent to which females unbound their feet in response to the rapid growth in sugarcane cultivation in the early 20th century, growth which significantly boosted the demand for female labor. We find that cane cultivation significantly induced unbinding, with the IV estimations utilizing cane railro...
-
作者：Channa, Hira; Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob; Feleke, Shiferaw; Abdoulaye, Tahirou
作者单位：The World Bank; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：Maintaining staple grains throughout the year and managing liquidity are two major challenges that smallholder farmers face at harvest. We implemented a randomized controlled trial in Tanzania that was designed to address these post-harvest constraints. First, we offered treated farmers two hermetic (airtight) storage bags, which helped preserve grain quantity and quality. Second, we offered other treated farmers a loan at harvest, which reduced the liquidity constraints they faced. Repayment ...
-
作者：Barrera-Osorio, Felipe; Cilliers, Jacobus; Cloutier, Marie-Helene; Filmer, Deon
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Georgetown University; The World Bank
摘要：A randomized evaluation of two teacher incentive programs was conducted in a nationally representative sample of 420 public primary schools in Guinea. In 140 schools, high-performing teachers were rewarded in-kind, with the value of goods increasing with level of performance. In another 140 schools, high-performing teachers received a certificate and public recognition from the government. After one year, the in-kind program improved learning by 0.24 standard deviations, while the recognition ...
-
作者：Bartkus, Viva Ona; Brooks, Wyatt; Kaboski, Joseph P.; Pelnik, Carolyn
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Tufts University
摘要：Middlemen are ubiquitous in supply chains. In developing countries they help bring products from remote communities to end markets but may exert strong market power. We study a cooperative intervention which organizes together poor fishing communities in the Amazon - one of the poorest and most remote regions of the world - to purchase large boats in order to partially bypass middlemen and deliver their fish directly to market. We find that the intervention increases income by 27%, largely thr...
-
作者：Li, Huiyu
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - San Francisco
摘要：This paper argues that earnings-based borrowing is important for understanding the extent to which financial frictions lower aggregate productivity (TFP). It builds a general equilibrium model of misallocation due to financial frictions wherein firms borrow by pledging assets and earnings. The model is disciplined to match evidence on aggregate leverage and on the firm-level relationship between leverage and the output-to-capital ratio. Conditional on aggregate leverage, the TFP loss from fina...
-
作者：Michler, Jeffrey D.; Josephson, Anna; Kilic, Talip; Murray, Siobhan
作者单位：University of Arizona; The World Bank
摘要：When publishing socioeconomic survey data, survey programs implement a variety of statistical methods designed to preserve privacy but which come at the cost of distorting the data. We explore the extent to which spatial anonymization methods to preserve privacy in the large-scale surveys supported by the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) introduce measurement error in econometric estimates when that survey data is integrated with remote...
