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作者：Cervellati, Matteo; Esposito, Elena; Sunde, Uwe; Yuan, Song
作者单位：University of Bologna; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Lausanne; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Warwick
摘要：We present novel evidence for the influence of malaria exposure on the geographic location of Chinese economic activities in Africa. The hypothesis is based on the observation that many Chinese aid projects and infrastructure contractors rely on Chinese personnel. High malaria exposure might constitute an important impediment to their employment and productivity. Combining data on Chinese aid and construction projects with geo-localized information about the presence of individuals from intern...
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作者：Tourek, Gabriel
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：This paper describes tax behavior among firms in a low-income country that diverges from traditional models of compliance. Using the universe of administrative filings in Rwanda, I find that many firms consistently pay identical amounts in income tax year after year. Evidence from a survey of filers, matched to administrative filings, suggests that constraints on documenting and verifying earnings motivates a heuristic of targeting past payment amounts. To illustrate the policy relevance of th...
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作者：Alam, Muneeza; Dappe, Matias Herrera; Melecky, Martin; Goldblatt, Ran
作者单位：The World Bank; Technical University of Ostrava
摘要：This paper collects data on transport corridor projects financed by the Asian Development Bank, Japan International Cooperation Agency, and World Bank and links them to a wider economic benefit-local economic activity. The paper uses the difference-in-differences methodology to link the variation in country and local initial conditions, and project characteristics to local economic activity. Construction of a new (greenfield) corridor is associated with higher growth in economic activity aroun...
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作者：Chen, Shuo; Ding, Haoyuan; Lin, Shu; Ye, Haichun
作者单位：Fudan University; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; Shanghai Institute of International Finance & Economics; Chinese University of Hong Kong; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
摘要：Using hand-collected data on yield over-reporting during China's Great Leap Forward (GLF) period, we find that GLF over-reporting in a chairperson's province of origin strongly predicts corporate financial misconduct today. Evidence from a variety of identification strategies establishes a causal relationship. We also extend our analyses to other aspects of corporate misconduct and local dishonest behaviors. We show that GLF over-reporting has shifted social norms toward a present-day toleranc...
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作者：Kaiser, Tim; Menkhoff, Lukas
作者单位：University of Koblenz & Landau; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Humboldt University of Berlin; Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW); Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Humboldt University of Berlin
摘要：We conduct a randomized field experiment to study the effects of two financial education interventions offered to small-scale retailers in rural western Uganda. The treatments contrast active learning with traditional lecturing within standardized lesson-plans. After six months, active learning has a positive effect on savings and investment outcomes, in contrast to small or zero effects for lecturing. After four years, estimates come with substantial uncertainty but are generally larger for t...
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作者：Collin, Matthew; Talbot, Theodore
摘要：Child marriage is associated with negative outcomes for women and girls. Many countries have raised the legal age of marriage, but the incidence of early marriage remains high. We propose a simple test for whether laws are effective in deterring early marriage and apply it to data from both the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) covering over 100 countries using statistical tests derived from the regression discontinuity literature. By this measu...
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作者：Bjorkegren, Daniel; Karaca, Burak Ceyhun
作者单位：Brown University
摘要：Governments commonly target subsidies for communication networks in remote areas. We analyze a program in Rwanda that subsidized the equivalent of 8% of the stock of mobile phones, using 5.3 billion transaction records. Handsets mostly stayed in rural areas: 85% of accounts receiving subsidized handsets mostly use a rural tower. Subsidized handsets were used as much as purchased handsets. Recipients are highly connected to each other. We simulate welfare effects using a network demand system. ...
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作者：Blouin, Arthur; Mukand, Sharun W.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Warwick
摘要：The difficulty in resurrecting inter-ethnic cooperation in the aftermath of violence and genocide is one of the biggest challenges facing post-conflict societies. Using experimental data from post-genocide Rwanda and Burundi, this paper shows that an unwarranted tendency to blame others for negative outcomes is a behavioural barrier that makes reconciliation difficult. We show that individuals systematically (and mistakenly) blame accidental negative shocks (noise) to the deliberate intent of ...
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作者：Augsburg, Britta; Bancalari, Antonella; Durrani, Zara; Vaidyanathan, Madhav; White, Zach
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of St Andrews
摘要：We implement a randomized controlled trial and a qualitative study to assess whether, and if so how, behavioral change can be sustained. We do so in the context of Pakistan's national sanitation strategy to combat open defecation, Community-Led Total Sanitation. Our findings demonstrate that continued follow-up activities that build on the original intervention lead to only modest reductions in reversal to unsafe sanitation on average, but gain in importance where initial conditions are unfavo...
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作者：Feng, Xiao; Wang, Yongjin; Zhao, Laixun
作者单位：Nankai University; Kobe University
摘要：We investigate how export capacity constraints (ECCs) affect resource misallocation and aggregate productivity by distorting the firm's export mode. Using unique datasets in China, we first document a number of observed patterns for the so-called dual-channel exporters, which export only a fraction of their products directly with the rest via intermediaries. We show that introducing capacity constraints reconciles the theory with the observed patterns in the data. Our quantitative exercise sug...
