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作者：Casari, Marco; Lisciandra, Maurizio; Saral, Ali Seyhun
作者单位：University of Bologna; Universita LUMSA; Universite de Toulouse
摘要：We study six centuries of institutional change in the governance of the commons across over three hundred Italian communities. Wealthier communities, facing migration pressure due to unequal resource endowments, restricted access to common property resources by excluding women from membership, thereby limiting migration through marriage. Using archival data and an agent-based model, we show that this endogenous closure spread via a domino effect and persisted until a centralized Napoleonic ref...
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作者：Lin, Chu; Sun, Wei; Wang, Chengli
作者单位：Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; University of Macau
摘要：How does the co-optation of foreign-educated elites influence local stability? This study exploits a quasiexperimental setting created by the establishment of provincial Consultative Bureaus in China in 1909 to examine the political consequences of integrating Japan-educated returnees into local governance. Using an original, prefecture-by-month panel dataset across 262 prefectures from 1901 to 1911, we find that co-opting foreign-educated elites produced unintended effects: it significantly r...
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作者：Coleman, Fiona M.; Ahmed, Akhter U.; Roy, Shalini; Hoddinott, John
作者单位：Cornell University; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); Cornell University; Cornell University; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
摘要：Evidence shows that social protection can improve diets, but little is known about how impacts vary within households, the extent to which the modality of the transfer affects how it is distributed across all household members, whether adding training on the importance of nutrition and diets alters the way transfer resources are allocated within the household, relative to a transfer alone, and if differences in allocations are shaped by differences in livelihood opportunities. We use individua...
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作者：Ambler, Kate; Jones, Kelly M.; O'Sullivan, Michael
作者单位：American University; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); The World Bank
摘要：We conduct a randomized controlled trial to test a novel intervention for increasing women's empowerment in Uganda. The intervention includes a within-household transfer of a productive asset, which has a lower cost than an external transfer. We find that transferring control of some of the household's sugarcane to the wife significantly increases her access to resources and decision-making power. We also document increases in women's empowerment arising from a cross-randomized couples' worksh...
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作者：Cruz, Ivan Lopez; Torrens, Gustavo
作者单位：Sabanci University; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：We establish a link between the fentanyl crisis in the US starting in 2013 and a second wave of drug-related violence in Mexico. We argue that the demand for fentanyl from the US pushed emerging Pacific-based Mexican drug trafficking organizations to reoptimize their trafficking routes, leading to new clashes and violence, often in locations barely affected by the first wave of violence caused by the 2007 Mexican War on Drugs. Exploiting the differential impact that the Mexican War on Drugs an...
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作者：Fiala, Nathan; Premand, Patrick
作者单位：University of Connecticut; Makerere University; Leibniz Association; RWI - Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; The World Bank
摘要：Does stronger community monitoring increase the effectiveness of local development projects? We conduct a randomized experiment with a large-scale social accountability program covering the northern half of Uganda to analyze whether training in community monitoring and information on project performance improve outcomes. We find that community monitoring training only induces small improvements in project output, such as the number of animals delivered or their likelihood of being sick. The co...
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作者：Li, Zehui; Liao, Haoye; Ma, Sen; Qiu, Junjie; Xue, Sen
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Jinan University
摘要：We leverage exogenous mixed-dormitory room assignments between Hong Kong/Macau (HM) students and mainland Chinese students at a Chinese university to investigate intergroup contact's effects on national identity. We find that mixed-room experience significantly enhances the national identity with China for both HM and mainland students. The heterogeneous analysis suggests that for HM students, the national identity rises more when paired with culturally proximate mainland peers (Cantonese spea...
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作者：Chen, Yutong
摘要：Digitalization can increase firm productivity, but in developing countries with labor market frictions, not all firms are able to capitalize on digitalization opportunities. This study uses data from India-where a demonetization policy led to a large increase in digital payments-to examine the impacts of digitalization on firms across sectors in a developing country in the short run. I find that service firms experienced growth in income and productivity while manufacturing firms witnessed a d...
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作者：Shah, Jawad
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：I test the efficacy of VAT's in-built third-party information trail, together with electronic filing, to deter tax evasion in a low state capacity environment. Using a reform which utilizes information beyond the VAT trail and authorizes a computerized risk analysis system to accept or reject tax credits in real time, my difference-in-differences estimates show that claims declined by 50%. Based on firm heterogeneity, the response ranges from 30%-90%. Approximately 10% of treated firms were fa...
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作者：Okuyama, Yoko
作者单位：Uppsala University
摘要：I study the impact of women's radio programs that the US-led occupying force aired nationwide in Occupied Japan (1945-1952) to dismantle the prewar patriarchal norms. From the perspective of the economics of identity, the radio messages can be viewed as attempts to alter gendered identity norms, and thus to shift women's political, economic and family outcomes. Using local variation in radio signal strength driven by soil conditions as an instrumental variable, I show that greater exposure to ...
