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作者：Lang, Valentin F.; Presbitero, Andrea F.
作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; International Monetary Fund
摘要：We exploit the degree of discretion embedded in the World Bank-IMF Debt Sustainability Framework (DSF) to understand the decision-making process of international financial institutions. The unique, internal dataset we use covers the universe of debt sustainability analyses conducted between December 2006 and January 2015 for low-income countries. These data allow us to identify cases where the risk rating implied by the application of the DSF's mechanical rules was overridden to assign a diffe...
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作者：Barajas, Adolfo; Chami, Ralph; Ebeke, Christian; Oeking, Anne
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：Despite welfare and poverty-reducing benefits for recipient households, remittance inflows have been shown to entail macroeconomic challenges; producing Dutch Disease-type effects, reducing the quality of institutions, delaying fiscal adjustment, and having an indeterminate effect on long-run growth. This paper explores an additional challenge, for monetary policy. Although remittances expand bank balance sheets, providing a stable flow of interest-insensitive funding, they tend to increase ba...
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作者：Avitabile, Ciro; de Hoyos, Rafael
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：We use data from the randomized control trial of the Percepciones pilot to study whether providing 10th grade students with information about the average earnings associated with different educational attainments, life expectancy, and obtaining funding for higher education can contribute to improving student outcomes. We find that the intervention had no effects on a proxy for on-time high school completion, but a positive and significant impact on standardized test scores and self-reported me...
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作者：O'Connell, Stephen D.
作者单位：Emory University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：I examine whether the role model effect of female politicians on adolescent girls' school enrollment comes only from female representation in the lowest level of local government. To do this, I exploit variation in the implementation of seat quotas for women applied to a three-tiered local governance structure in India. Enrollment effects were substantially larger than those previously estimated for exposure to female leaders in the lowest tier of local government. The policy response is large...
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作者：Omotilewa, Oluwatoba J.; Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob; Ainembabazi, John Herbert; Shively, Gerald E.
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; The World Bank; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：We use panel data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) administered among 1200 smallholders in Uganda to evaluate input use and food security impacts of an improved maize storage technology. After two seasons, households who received the technology were 10 percentage points more likely to plant hybrid maize varieties that are more susceptible to insect pests in storage than traditional lower-yielding varieties. Treated smallholders also stored maize for a longer period, reported a substant...
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作者：Hoffmann, Bridget
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank
摘要：This paper uses willingness to pay data from a field experiment in India to study targeting health products to the poor, using monetary prices and non-monetary prices (time costs). I model demand for the product at monetary and non-monetary prices. The model illustrates that monetary prices screen out the poor and that whether non monetary prices screen out the non-poor is theoretically ambiguous because of opposing income and substitution effects. I find monetary prices select richer househol...
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作者：Chauvet, Lisa; Ehrhart, Helene
作者单位：Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Laboratoire dEconomie de Dauphine LEDa; European Central Bank; Bank of France; European Central Bank; Bank of France
摘要：This paper explores the impact of foreign aid on firm growth for a panel of 4355 firms in 29 developing countries, 11 of which are in Africa. Using the World Bank Enterprise Surveys data and controlling for firm fixed effects, we find a positive impact of foreign aid on firms' sales growth. This result is robust to several checks, notably to the instrumentation of aid and to estimations on various sub-samples and on an extended cross-section sample of 93 countries. We then provide evidence tha...
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作者：Arthi, Vellore; Beegle, Kathleen; De Weerdt, Joachim; Palacios-Lopez, Amparo
作者单位：University of Essex; The World Bank; University of Antwerp; KU Leuven
摘要：Understanding the constraints to agricultural growth in Africa relies on the accurate measurement of smallholder labor. Yet, serious weaknesses in these statistics persist. The extent of bias in smallholder labor data is examined by conducting a randomized survey experiment among farming households in rural Tanzania. Agricultural labor estimates obtained through weekly surveys are compared with the results of reporting in a single end-of-season recall survey. The findings show strong evidence ...
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作者：Karlan, Dean; Zinman, Jonathan
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA); National Bureau of Economic Research; Dartmouth College
摘要：A Philippine bank tested sensitivity to interest rates and account ownership requirements in 10,000 randomized door-to-door solicitations for a commitment savings account. Take-up is substantial (23%), but price elasticity of saving in this account is not significantly different from zero in either the full sample or sub-groups of plausibly marginal savers. The upper bound is less than 0.5 in the full sample, and exceeds 1.0 in only 1 of 22 sub-groups. Nor do we find sensitivity to ownership r...
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作者：Emerick, Kyle
作者单位：Tufts University
摘要：How do shocks to agricultural productivity affect the allocation of labor across sectors of the economy? To answer this, I use data from rural India to show that exogenous increases in agricultural productivity - caused by abnormally high levels of precipitation - lead to an increase in the labor share of the non-agricultural sector. I further show that the non-tradable sector expands significantly when agricultural output increases. This evidence is consistent with increasing agricultural out...
