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作者：Bowles, S; Gintis, H
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; The Santa Fe Institute; University of Siena
摘要：Community governance is the set of small group social interactions that, with market and state, determine economic outcomes. We argue (i) community governance addresses some common market and state failures but typically relies on insider-outsider distinctions that may be morally repugnant and economically costly; (ii) the individual motivations supporting community governance are not captured by either selfishness or altruism; (iii) communities, markets and states are complements, not substit...
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作者：Rudebusch, GD
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - San Francisco
摘要：Nominal income rules for monetary policy have long been debated, but two issues are of particular recent interest. First, there are questions about the performance of such rules over a range of plausible empirical models - especially models with and without explicit rational inflation expeciations. Second, performance of these rules ill re ll time using the type of data that is actually available contemporaneously to policy makers rather than final revised data. This paper determines optimal m...
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作者：Backhouse, RE
作者单位：University of Birmingham
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作者：Biggs, M
作者单位：University of Cambridge
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作者：Cressy, R
作者单位：City St Georges, University of London
摘要：Theoretical and empirical foundations of government policies to plug alleged business funding gaps are highly controversial but rarely subject to wide-ranging in-depth debate. This symposium from major scholars in the field provides a counterbalance. Topics addressed cover the theory of lending under asymmetric information; its implications for overlending; relationship lending as a market solution to information asymmetries; government emulation of private sector decision-making to eliminate ...
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作者：Biggs, M
作者单位：University of Cambridge
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作者：Geraats, PM
作者单位：University of Cambridge
摘要：Central bank transparency has become one of the key features of monetary policy recently. This survey article provides a structured review of the theoretical literature on the consequences of transparency of monetary policy, proposing a distinction between uncertainty and incentive effects of transparency. The theoretical insights are compared to the various ways in which central banks have become transparent in practice. In addition, there is an assessment of the empirical evidence concerning...
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作者：Heertje, A
作者单位：University of Amsterdam
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作者：Riach, PA; Rich, J
作者单位：Monash University
摘要：Controlled experiments, using matched pairs of bogus transactors, to test for discrimination in the marketplace have been conducted for over 30 years, and have extended across 10 countries. Significant, persistent and pervasive levels of discrimination have been found against non-whites and women in labour, housing and product markets. Rates of employment discrimination against non-whites, in excess of 25% have been measured in Australia, Europe and North America. A small number of experiments...
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作者：Peretto, P; Smulders, S
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：We present an endogenous growth model in which the scale effect may be positive or negative, but vanishes asymptotically. The mechanism behind this result provides a microfoundation for models that exploit the interaction of growth and market structure to remove the scale effect. When more firms are active, the economy is more specialised in that firms are less likely to work on related problems. This increase in technological distance reduces the spillovers between firms. A larger economy wit...
