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作者：Blackaby, D; Booth, AL; Frank, J
摘要：Using a unique data source on academic economist labour market experiences, we explore gender, pay and promotions. In addition to earnings and productivity measures, we have information on outside offers and perceptions of discrimination. We find both a gender promotions gap and a within-rank gender pay gap. A driving factor may be outside offers: men receive more outside offers than women of comparable characteristics, and gain higher pay increases in response. This may arise due to discrimin...
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作者：Nakajima, T
作者单位：Brown University
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作者：Gillman, M; Kejak, M
作者单位：Cardiff University; Central European University; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Czech Academy of Sciences
摘要：The paper shows that contrary to conventional wisdom an endogenous growth economy with human capital and alternative payment mechanisms can robustly explain major facets of the long-run inflation experience. A negative inflation-growth relation is explained, including a striking nonlinearity found repeatedly in empirical studies. A set of Tobin (1965) effects are also explained and, further, linked in magnitude to the growth effects through the interest elasticity of money demand. Undisclosed ...
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作者：Collier, P; Dollar, D
作者单位：University of Oxford; The World Bank
摘要：We suggest that the 'poverty-efficiency' aid allocation is merely a benchmark guide if a donor lacks other information about the country and also the power to change or prevail over government preferences. We argue that in most circumstances donors have only limited scope for the latter and that, while high aid dependence may reduce the fungibility problem and the use of NGOs can by-pass it altogether, such circumstances are not very common. Hence, the main reasons for departing from the bench...
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作者：Haldane, AG; Irwin, G; Saporta, V
作者单位：Bank of England
摘要：This paper assesses various crisis resolution proposals using a theoretical model of liquidity and solvency crisis. The model suggests that payments standstills and last-resort lending are an equally efficient means of dealing with liquidity crises, while coordinated lending through creditor committees is second-best. Debt write-downs are preferred to subsidised IMF financing when dealing with solvency crises, because of the negative moral hazard implications of the latter tool. Finally, the m...
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作者：Dollar, D; Kraay, A
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：A key issue today is the effect of globalisation on inequality and poverty. Well over half the developing world lives in globalising economies that have seen large increases in trade and significant declines in tariffs. They are catching up the rich countries while the rest of the developing world is falling farther behind. Second, we examine the effects on the poor. The increase in growth rates leads on average to proportionate increases in incomes of the poor. The evidence from individual ca...
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作者：Gersovitz, M; Hammer, JS
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; The World Bank
摘要：The structure of representative agents and decentralisation of the social planner's problem provide a framework for the economics of infection and associated externalities. Optimal implementation of prevention and therapy depends on: (1) biology including whether infection is person to person or by vectors; (2) whether the infected progress to recovery and Susceptibility, immunity, or death; (3) costs of interventions; (4) whether interventions target everyone, the uninfected, the infected, or...
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作者：Backhouse, RE
作者单位：University of Birmingham
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作者：Ercolani, M
作者单位：University of Birmingham
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作者：Aghion, P; Schankerman, M
作者单位：Harvard University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We analyse the welfare effects of policies that intensify product market competition, and the channels through which they operate. Using a circular model of horizontal product differentiation with asymmetric costs, we study the effects of increased price competition on market selection among incumbent firms, cost reduction effort, and entry of new firms. The model also generates an endogenous demand for competition-enhancing or retarding policies arising from cost heterogeneity, and we demonst...
