Science

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• Structural basis for regulation of apoptosis and autophagy by the BIRC6/SMAC complex AI翻译
  作者：Ehrmann, Julian F.; Grabarczyk, Daniel B.; Heinke, Maria; Deszcz, Luiza; Kurzbauer, Robert; Hudecz, Otto; Shulkina, Alexandra; Gogova, Rebeca; Meinhart, Anton; Versteeg, Gijs A.; Clausen, Tim
  作者单位：Vienna Biocenter (VBC); Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP); University of Vienna; Vienna Biocenter (VBC); Medical University of Vienna; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Biocenter (VBC); Medical University of Vienna; University of Vienna; Vienna Biocenter (VBC); Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL); Medical University of Vienna
  摘要：Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) bind to pro-apoptotic proteases, keeping them inactive and preventing cell death. The atypical ubiquitin ligase BIRC6 is the only essential IAP, additionally functioning as a suppressor of autophagy. We performed a structure-function analysis of BIRC6 in complex with caspase-9, HTRA2, SMAC, and LC3B, which are critical apoptosis and autophagy proteins. Cryo-electron microscopy structures showed that BIRC6 forms a megadalton crescent shape that arcs around...
• Mitigate diseases to protect biodiversity AI翻译
  作者：Plewnia, Amadeus; Boening, Philipp; Loetters, Stefan
  作者单位：Universitat Trier
• Evolutionary transitions from camouflage to aposematism: Hidden signals play a pivotal role AI翻译
  作者：Loeffler-Henry, Karl; Kang, Changku; Sherratt, Thomas N.
  作者单位：Carleton University; Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU)
  摘要：The initial evolution of warning signals in unprofitable prey, termed aposematism, is often seen as a paradox because any new conspicuous mutant would be easier to detect than its cryptic conspecifics and not readily recognized by naive predators as defended. One possibility is that permanent aposematism first evolved through species using hidden warning signals, which are only exposed to would-be predators on encounter. Here, we present a large-scale analysis of evolutionary transitions in am...
• China reworks R&D management AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Structures of BIRC6-client complexes provide a mechanism of SMAC-mediated release of caspases AI翻译
  作者：Hunkeler, Moritz; Jin, Cyrus Y.; Fischer, Eric S.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：Tight regulation of apoptosis is essential for metazoan development and prevents diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Caspase activation is central to apoptosis, and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are the principal actors that restrain caspase activity and are therefore attractive therapeutic targets. IAPs, in turn, are regulated by mitochondria-derived proapoptotic factors such as SMAC and HTRA2. Through a series of cryo-electron microscopy structures of full-length human ba...
• The Battle for Your Brain: Defending the Right to Think Freely in the Age of Neurotechnology AI翻译
  作者：Munoz, Jose M.
  作者单位：University of Navarra; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital
• A common cancer at an uncommon age The etiology of early-onset colorectal cancer needs to be understood to tackle rising incidence AI翻译
  作者：Giannakis, Marios; Ng, Kimmie
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute
• Autoimmunity to the modified self Protein posttranslational modifications can break tolerance to the self-proteome AI翻译
  作者：Santambrogio, Laura
  作者单位：Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine
• Cysteine carboxyethylation generates neoantigens to induce HLA-restricted autoimmunity AI翻译
  作者：Zhai, Yue; Chen, Liang; Zhao, Qian; Zheng, Zhao-Hui; Chen, Zhi-Nan; Bian, Huijie; Yang, Xu; Lu, Huan-Yu; Lin, Peng; Chen, Xi; Chen, Ruo; Sun, Hao-Yang; Fan, Lin-Ni; Zhang, Kun; Wang, Bin; Sun, Xiu-Xuan; Feng, Zhuan; Zhu, Yu-Meng; Zhou, Jian-Sheng; Chen, Shi-Rui; Zhang, Tao; Chen, Si-Yu; Chen, Jun-Jie; Zhang, Kui; Wang, Yan; Chang, Yang; Zhang, Rui; Zhang, Bei; Wang, Li-Juan; Li, Xiao-Min; He, Qian; Yang, Xiang-Min; Nan, Gang; Xie, Rong-Hua; Yang, Liu; Yang, Jing-Hua; Zhu, Ping
  作者单位：Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University; Shanghai University; Zhengzhou University; Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University
  摘要：Autoimmune diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS) can be driven by emerging neoantigens that disrupt immune tolerance. Here, we developed a workflow to profile posttranslational modifications involved in neoantigen formation. Using mass spectrometry, we identified a panel of cysteine residues differentially modified by carboxyethylation that required 3-hydroxypropionic acid to generate neoantigens in patients with AS. The lysosomal degradation of integrin aIIb [ITGA2B (CD41)] carboxyethy...
• Fava bean genome deciphered AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey