Science

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• Ferroptosis-disease perils and therapeutic promise AI翻译
  作者：Brown, Ashley R.; Hirschhorn, Tal; Stockwell, Brent R.
  作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; Columbia University
• Embattled physicist exits AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Platelet factor 4-induced TH1-Treg polarization suppresses antitumor immunity AI翻译
  作者：Kuratani, Ayumi; Okamoto, Masaaki; Kishida, Kazuki; Okuzaki, Daisuke; Sasai, Miwa; Sakaguchi, Shimon; Arase, Hisashi; Yamamoto, Masahiro
  作者单位：University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka
  摘要：The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains a number of immune-suppressive cells such as T helper 1-polarized regulatory T cells (TH1-Treg cells). However, little is known about the mechanism behind the abundant presence of TH1-Treg cells in the TME. We demonstrate that selective depletion of arginase I (Arg1)-expressing tumor-associated macrophages (Arg1+ TAMs) inhibits tumor growth and concurrently reduces the ratio of TH1-Treg cells in the TME. Arg1+ TAMs secrete the chemokine platelet factor...
• The chloramine dilemma AI翻译
  作者：McCurry, Daniel L.
  作者单位：University of Southern California
• Russia loses scientists AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Macrophage modulation of tumor immunity AI翻译
  作者：Savage, Peter
  作者单位：University of Chicago
• Chloronitramide anion is a decomposition product of inorganic chloramines AI翻译
  作者：Fairey, Julian L.; Laszakovits, Juliana R.; Pham, Huong T.; Do, Thien D.; Hodges, Samuel D.; McNeill, Kristopher; Wahman, David G.
  作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; United States Environmental Protection Agency
  摘要：Inorganic chloramines are commonly used drinking water disinfectants intended to safeguard public health and curb regulated disinfection by-product formation. However, inorganic chloramines themselves produce by-products that are poorly characterized. We report chloronitramide anion (Cl-N-NO2-) as a previously unidentified end product of inorganic chloramine decomposition. Analysis of chloraminated US drinking waters found Cl-N-NO2- in all samples tested (n = 40), with a median concentration o...
• Population connectivity shapes the distribution and complexity of chimpanzee cumulative culture AI翻译
  作者：Gunasekaram, Cassandra; Battiston, Federico; Sadekar, Onkar; Padilla-Iglesias, Cecilia; van Noordwijk, Maria A.; Furrer, Reinhard; Manica, Andrea; Bertranpetit, Jaume; Whiten, Andrew; van Schaik, Carel P.; Vinicius, Lucio; Migliano, Andrea Bamberg
  作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; Max Planck Society; University of Zurich; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC-UPF - Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (IBE); Pompeu Fabra University; University of St Andrews; University of Zurich
  摘要：Although cumulative culture is a hallmark of hominin evolution, its origins can be traced back to our common ancestor with chimpanzees. Here, we investigated the evolutionary origins of chimpanzee cumulative culture and why it remained incipient. To trace cultural transmission among the four chimpanzee subspecies, we compared population networks based on genetic markers of recent migration and shared cultural traits. We show that limited levels of group connectivity favored the emergence of a ...
• Amidination of ligands for chemical and field-effect passivation stabilizes perovskite solar cells AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Yi; Chen, Hao; Liu, Cheng; Xu, Jian; Huang, Chuying; Malliakas, Christos D.; Wan, Haoyue; Bati, Abdulaziz S. R.; Wang, Zaiwei; Reynolds, Robert P.; Gilley, Isaiah W.; Kitade, Shuta; Wiggins, Taylor E.; Zeiske, Stefan; Suragtkhuu, Selengesuren; Batmunkh, Munkhbayar; Chen, Lin X.; Chen, Bin; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.; Sargent, Edward H.
  作者单位：Northwestern University; University of Toronto; Griffith University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; Northwestern University
  摘要：Surface passivation has driven the rapid increase in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, state-of-the-art surface passivation techniques rely on ammonium ligands that suffer deprotonation under light and thermal stress. We developed a library of amidinium ligands, of interest for their resonance effect-enhanced N-H bonds that may resist deprotonation, to increase the thermal stability of passivation layers on perovskite surfaces. This strategy resul...
• Mechanically strong yet metabolizable supramolecular plastics by desalting upon phase separation AI翻译
  作者：Cheng, Yiren; Hirano, Eiji; Wang, Hao; Kuwayama, Motonobu; Meijer, E. W.; Huang, Hubiao; Aida, Takuzo
  作者单位：University of Tokyo; RIKEN; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven University of Technology; Southeast University - China
  摘要：Plastics that can metabolize in oceans are highly sought for a sustainable future. In this work, we report the noncovalent synthesis of unprecedented plastics that are mechanically strong yet metabolizable under biologically relevant conditions owing to their dissociative nature with electrolytes. Salt-bridging sodium hexametaphosphate with di- or tritopic guanidinium sulfate in water forms a cross-linked supramolecular network, which is stable unless electrolytes are resupplied. This unusual ...