Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Co- opted SUMO machinery promotes condensate formation associated with membranous replication organelles of a positive- strand RNA virus AI翻译
  作者：Lin, Wenwu; Nagy, Peter D.
  作者单位：University of Kentucky
  摘要：Positive-strand RNA viruses are important pathogens of humans and plants. These viruses built viral replication organelles (VROs) with the help of co-opted host proteins and intracellular membranes to support robust virus replication in infected cells. Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), a model (+)RNA virus, assembles membranous VROs, which are associated with vir-condensate substructures driven by TBSV p33 replication-associated protein. In this work, we provide evidence that the peroxisome-ass...
• Continuous self-repair protects vimentin intermediate filaments from fragmentation AI翻译
  作者：Tran, Quang D.; Lenz, Martin; Lamour, Guillaume; Paty, Lilian; Varela-Salgado, Maritzaida; Campilo, Clemen; Wioland, Hugo; Jegou, Antoine; Romet-Lemonne, Guillaume; Leduc, Cecile
  作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Saclay; Universite Paris Cite; Sorbonne Universite; Universite PSL; Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI); CY Cergy Paris Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Universitaire de France; Brandeis University
  摘要：Intermediate filaments are key regulators of cell mechanics. Vimentin, a type of intermediate filament expressed in mesenchymal cells and involved in migration, forms a dense network in the cytoplasm that is constantly remodeling through filament transport, elongation/shortening, and subunit exchange. While it is known that filament elongation involves end-to-end annealing, the reverse process of filament shortening by fragmentation remains unclear. Here, we use a combination of in vitro recon...
• Macropinosomes are a site of HIV-1 entry into primary CD4+T cells AI翻译
  作者：Murakami, Tomoyuki; Cardoso, Ricardo de Souza; Manivannan, Praveen; Chang, Ya - Ting; Rentchler, Eric; Chou, Kai - Neng; Tang, Yipei; Swanson, Joel A.; King, Philip D.; Ono, Akira
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：HIV-1 has been observed to enter target cells at both the plasma membrane and endosomes. However, which pathways mediate its entry into primary CD4+T cells, the major targets of this virus, remains unclear. Here, we show that HIV-1 can enter primary CD4+ T cells through macropinocytosis, a form of endocytosis. We found that HIV-1 can enter primary CD4+ T cells at both the plasma membrane and internal compartments, while entry into common T cell lines occurred primarily at the plasma membrane. ...
• Surface melting-driven hydrogen absorption for high-pressure polyhydride synthesis AI翻译
  作者：Sato, Ryuhei; Conway, Lewis J.; Zhang, Di; Pickard, Chris J.; Akagi, Kazuto; Sau, Kartik; Li, Hao; Orimo, Shin - ichi
  作者单位：Tohoku University; University of Tokyo; University of Cambridge; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); Tohoku University; Tohoku University
  摘要：The synthesis of new polyhydrides with high superconducting Tc is challenging owing to the high pressures and temperatures required. In this study, we used machine-learning potential molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the initial stage of polyhydride formation in calcium hydrides. Upon contact with high-pressure H2, the surface of CaH2 melts, leading to CaH4 formation. This surface melting proceeds via CaH4 liquid phase as an intermediate state. High pressure reduces not only the hy...
• Where do fish go and why? For many species, nobody knows AI翻译
  作者：McDermott, Amy
• Arteries are finely tuned thermosensors regulating myogenic tone and blood flow AI翻译
  作者：Phan, Thieu X.; Sahibzada, Niaz; Freichel, Marc; Miyares, Rosa L.; Ahern, Gerard P.
  作者单位：Georgetown University; Vinh University; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg
  摘要：In response to changing blood pressure, arteries adjust their caliber to control blood flow. This vital autoregulatory property, termed vascular myogenic tone, stabilizes downstream capillary pressure. Here, we reveal that tissue temperature, combined with intraluminal pressure, critically determines myogenic tone. Heating steeply activates tone in skeletal muscle, gut, brain, and skin arteries with temperature coefficients (Q(10)) of similar to 11 to 20. Each of these tissues has a distinct r...
• Early development of navigationally relevant location information in the retrosplenial complex AI翻译
  作者：Jung, Yaelan; Dilks, Daniel D.
  作者单位：Emory University
  摘要：Representing the locations of places so that we can use them as landmarks is critical to our ability to navigate through large- scale spaces-a process referred to as map- based navigation. While many neuroimaging studies in adults have revealed that this ability involves the retrosplenial complex (RSC)-a scene- selective region in the medial parietal cortex-nothing is known about how this cortical system develops. So, does it develop only late in childhood, as generally assumed from some behav...
• Population imaging of enterochromaffin cell activity reveals regulation by somatostatin AI翻译
  作者：Rossen, Nathan D.; Touhara, Kouki K.; Castro, Joel; Harrington, Andrea M.; Caraballo, Sonia Garcia; Deng, Fei; Li, Yulong; Brierley, Stuart M.; Julius, David
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI); University of Adelaide; Peking University; Peking University
  摘要：Sensory enteroendocrine cells in the intestinal epithelium detect and relay information about the luminal environment to other cells within and outside the gut. Serotonergic enterochromaffin (EC) cells are a subset of enteroendocrine cells that detect noxious stimuli within the gut lumen, such as chemical irritants and microbial byproducts, and transduce this information to sensory nerve fibers to elicit defensive responses such as nausea and visceral pain. While much has recently been learned...
• Flamingos use their L-shaped beak and morphing feet to induce vortical traps for prey capture AI翻译
  作者：Jimenez, Victor M. Ortega -; Yee, Tien; Rohilla, Pankaj; Seleb, Benjamin; Belair, Jake; Bhamla, Saad
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University System of Georgia; Kennesaw State University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
  摘要：Flamingos feature one of the most sophisticated filter-feeding systems among birds, characterized by upside-down feeding, comb-like lamellae, and a piston-like tongue. However, the hydrodynamic functions of their L-shaped chattering beak, S-curved neck, and distinct behaviors such as stomping and feeding against the flow remain a mystery. Combining live flamingo experiments with live brine shrimp and passive particles, bioinspired physical models, and 3D CFD simulations, we show that flamingos...
• Mass- independent fractionation of oxygen isotopes during high- temperature condensation in cosmochemical plasmas AI翻译
  作者：Asset, Nathan; Chaussidon, Marc; Lombardi, Guillaume; Villeneuve, Johan; Tartese, Romain; Mostefaoui, Smail; Robert, Francois
  作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Lorraine; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); University of Manchester; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Physics (INP); Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Universite Paris Cite
  摘要：Contrary to all terrestrial rocks, planets and meteorites exhibit oxygen isotope variations decorrelated with the mass difference of their atomic nuclei. It has been proposed that, in the protosolar nebula (PSN), these variations could result from mass independent isotopic fractionation (MIF) either during specific chemical reactions similar to those responsible for the formation of ozone in the Earth's atmosphere or during ultraviolet (UV)- photolysis of carbon monoxide (CO) gas in the PSN. H...