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作者：Zhang, Yuanyuan; Chen, Junxi; Woodman, Geoffrey F.; Lin, Rongqi; Chen, Fuyong; Weng, Xuchu; Jensen, Ole; Theeuwes, Jan; Wang, Benchi
作者单位：South China Normal University; South China Normal University; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; University of Hong Kong; University of Oxford
摘要：Automatic processing allows humans to perform tasks with minimal effort following learning. Although theories of automaticity propose that learning should result in faster processing, studies have universally found that learning reduces the amplitude of neural activity, not that it speeds neural activity. Here, we show that with intracranial activity recorded from the hippocampus of twenty- two humans, we could decode the target the participant was about to report faster across learning. Theta...
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作者：Ulku, Irem; El Ansari, Fatima; Hancock, Mark A.; Zhou, Hedi; Cagnone, Gael; Joyal, Jean - Sebastien; Fisher, Teddy A. J.; Kennedy, Timothy E.; Liebsch, Filip; Multhaup, Gerhard
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal; McGill University; University of Cologne
摘要：Altered beta- amyloid (A beta) homeostasis is a critical event triggering the shift from healthy aging to Alzheimer disease (AD) through the overproduction and impaired clearance of A beta peptides. The A beta- degrading enzymes (ADEs) are a collective group of proteases that normally promote clearance to counteract A beta- induced neurodegeneration. We previously discovered that the beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 is an atypical ADE that produces the nontoxic fragment A ...
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作者：Kocifaj, Miroslav; Falchi, Fabio; Kundracik, Frantisek
作者单位：Slovak Academy of Sciences; Institute of Constrution and Architecture, SAS; Comenius University Bratislava
摘要：Light pollution has been traditionally modeled using clear or completely overcast conditions. Usually, atmospheric conditions are more complex and involve variable cloudiness. To predict light pollution in a realistic atmosphere, we developed a model for computing the artificial night sky brightness over the sky hemisphere, considering the presence of different types of clouds and the cloud fraction. The model is applied to the city of & Zcaron;ilina, Slovakia, which has moderate levels of lig...
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作者：Bereta, Grzegorz P.; Bielecka, Ewa; Marzec, Karolina; Pijanowski, Lukasz; Biela, Artur P.; Wilk, Piotr; Kaminska, Marta; Nowak, Jakub; Wilk, Elzbieta Wator -; Grudnik, Przemyslaw; Kowalczyk, Dominik; Koziel, Joanna; Mydel, Piotr; Poreba, Marcin; Kantyka, Tomasz
作者单位：Jagiellonian University; Jagiellonian University; Jagiellonian University; University of Bergen; Wroclaw University of Science & Technology; Polish Academy of Sciences; Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis & Surface Chemistry
摘要：Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by abnormal protein modifications. These include citrullination of arginine residues by the calcium- activated enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4). However, calcium in body fluids may not fully activate PAD4, suggesting the potential involvement of other activators. In this study, we investigated the ability of glycosaminoglycans (a class of negatively charged polysaccharides) to modulate PAD4 activity. We found that model gl...
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作者：Li, Anqi; Tong, Dong; Ohlstein, Benjamin; Guo, Zheng
作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Huazhong University of Science & Technology
摘要：Recent work suggests that asymmetric segregation of preexisting and newly synthesized canonical histone 3.1 (H3.1), but not variant histone 3.3A (H3.3A), plays an important role in the asymmetric outcome of Drosophila germline stem cell (GSC) and intestinal stem cell (ISC) divisions. However, this finding relied on the Gal4/ UAS system and Flp-out technology to swap expression of exogenous fluorescent proteins-an approach that decouples H3.1 expression from the cell cycle and may be prone to a...
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作者：Guzikowski, Natalie J.; Bagatelas, Elena D.; Shin, Ok - Ho; Khan, Yousuf A.; Esquivies, Luis; Alten, Baris; Brunger, Axel T.; Kavalali, Ege T.
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins drive synaptic transmission in a temporally and spatially precise manner. Recent studies have identified several disease-causing SNARE variants that give rise to developmental and epileptic encephalopathies, defined as SNAREopathies. Here, we investigated nine synaptobrevin-2 (VAMP2) disease-causing variants and uncovered their specific SNARE complex affinity, stability, and conformational deficits that driv...
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作者：Hestehave, Sara; Florea, Roxana; Singleton, Samuel; Fedorec, Alex J. H.; Caxaria, Sara; Morgan, Oakley B.; Kopp, Katharina Tatjana; Brown, Laurence A.; Heymann, Tim; Sikandar, Shafaq; Hausch, Felix; Peirson, Stuart N.; Geranton, Sandrine M.
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of Dundee; University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of Munich; University of Oxford; Technical University of Darmstadt; Technical University of Darmstadt; University of Oxford; University of Copenhagen
摘要：Chronic pain affects 20 to 30% of the population and imposes a significant socioeconomic burden as it is often accompanied by substantial emotional comorbidities such as anxiety and depression. Yet, the mechanisms underlying the interactions between the sensory and emotional aspects of chronic pain remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of FKBP51, a regulator of the stress response, in mediating both sensory and emotional symptoms of chronic pain. Inhibition of FKBP51, via ge...
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作者：Mohyee, Raana A.; Elliott, Blake L.; Pike, Madeline R.; Smith, Emma; Kring, Ann M.; Olson, Ingrid R.; Breen, Elizabeth C.; Cohn, Barbara A.; Cirillo, Piera M.; Krigbaum, Nickilou Y.; Olino, Thomas M.; D'Esposito, Mark; Cogan, Ashby B.; Patwardhan, Bhakti P.; Ellman, Lauren M.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Public Health Institute
摘要：In animal models, exposure to heightened maternal inflammation in utero is associated with altered offspring hippocampal development, including reduced dendritic arborization and density. However, the effects of prenatal maternal inflammation (PNMI) on offspring hippocampal microstructure in humans remain unclear. Here, we examined the relationship between exposure to PNMI and neurite density in the hippocampus and its subfields among offspring during late middle age. Participants included 72 ...
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作者：Ornes, Stephen
