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作者：Rhode, Paul W.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：American economic historians generally believe that U.S. modern economic growth began before 1840, was broadly based, and the acceleration was gradual. These claims are treated as conjectures rather than solid conclusions because the census did not publish good economic data before 1840. But the earlier period was not a statistical dark age, as sometimes asserted. After 1817, systematic statistics on postal activity were available at the local level at high frequencies. These data shed light o...
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作者：Janas, Pawel
作者单位：California Institute of Technology
摘要：Between 1910 and 1940, U.S. high school graduation rates rose five-fold, driving twentieth-century economic growth. I explore how the Great Depression's surge in youth unemployment influenced this trend, emphasizing gender and socioeconomic disparities. Using linked census data and newly digitized city-level unemployment rates, I find that youth unemployment significantly increased high school and post-secondary completion among higher-income boys, while effects on girls and lower-income youth...
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作者：Carlana, Michela; Tabellini, Marco
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作者：Green, Allison
作者单位：Princeton University
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作者：Thomson, David K.
作者单位：Sacred Heart University
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作者：Bignon, Vincent; Jobst, Clemens
作者单位：Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); European Central Bank; Bank of France; University of Vienna
摘要：We provide empirical evidence that central banks can mitigate economic crises more efficiently when they extend eligibility for their discount facility to any safe asset or solvent agent. Nineteenth-century France serves as a case study to circumvent endogeneity. Following 1863, an agricultural pandemic increased defaults outside agriculture. We exploit specificities of the discount window to create exogenous variation in central bank access. Regressions show that while the demand shock brough...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Xing, Youwei
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University
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作者：Braun, Sebastian Till; Stuhler, Jan
作者单位：University of Bayreuth; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：With 70 million dead, World War II remains the most devastating conflict in history. Among the survivors, millions were displaced, returned maimed from the battlefield, or endured years of captivity. We examine the effects of such war exposures on labor market careers, showing that they often become apparent only at certain life stages. While war injuries reduced employment in old age, former prisoners of war prolonged their time in the workforce before retiring. Many displaced workers, especi...
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作者：Wigton-Jones, Evan
