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作者：Karahan, Fatih; Mitman, Kurt; Moore, Brendan
作者单位：Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey; Stockholm University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Stanford University
摘要：We develop a method to jointly measure the response of worker search effort (micro effect) and vacancy creation (macro effect) to changes in the duration of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits. To implement this approach, we exploit an unexpected cut in UI durations in Missouri and provide quasi-experimental evidence on the effect of UI on the labor market. In our baseline specification, the data indicate that the cut in Missouri increased job-finding rates by 12% by raising firm vacancy crea...
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作者：Low, Hamish; Pistaferri, Luigi
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Stanford University; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We show the extent of screening errors made in disability insurance awards using matched survey-administrative data. False rejections are widespread, with large gender differences. Work-disabled women are 12.8 percentage points more likely to be rejected than work-disabled men, controlling for health conditions, occupation, and demographics. Gender differences arise because women are assessed with more residual work capacity. We model the Social Security Administration (SSA) decision-making pr...
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作者：Kong, Yunmi; Silveira, Bernardo S.; Tang, Xun
作者单位：Rice University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We develop and estimate a structural model of arbitration, accounting for asymmetric risk attitudes and learning. Using data on public sector wage disputes in New Jersey, we compare the efficiency of two popular arbitration formats: final offer and conventional. We find that although conventional arbitration hinders the transmission of case-relevant information from the disputants to the arbitrator, this format outperforms final offer arbitration by affording discretion to select awards. We al...
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作者：Ferreira, Pedro Cavalcanti; Monge-Naranjo, Alexander; Pereira, Luciene Torres de Mello
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：We study the emergence and persistence of urban slums in Brazil. Using data on labor markets, housing costs, and access to education, we construct a quantitative model to explore the impact of slums on the country's human capital and structural transformation. Urban slums emerge and persist due to their dual roles as intergenerational stepping stones for low-educated households and as blockades for higher-educated ones. Providing slum children access to schools in formal urban areas would have...
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作者：Johnson, Matthew S.; Lavetti, Kurt; Lipsitz, Michael
作者单位：Duke University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We analyze how the legal enforceability of noncompete agreements (NCAs) affects labor markets. Using newly constructed panel data, we find that higher NCA enforceability diminishes workers' earnings and job mobility, with larger effects among workers most likely to sign NCAs. These effects are far-reaching: increasing enforceability imposes externalities on workers across state borders, suggesting broad effects on labor market dynamism. We show that enforceability affects wages by reducing out...
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作者：von Wangenheim, Jonas
作者单位：University of Bonn
摘要：Consumer data increasingly enable online marketplaces to identify buyers' preferences and provide individualized product information. Buyers, however, fully learn their product value only after contracting, when the product is delivered. I characterize the impact of such ex ante information on buyer surplus and seller surplus, when the seller sets prices and refund conditions in response to the ex ante information. I show that efficient trade and an arbitrary split of the surplus can be achiev...
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作者：Baseler, Travis; Ginn, Thomas; Hakiza, Robert; Ogude-Chambert, Helidah; Woldemikael, Olivia
作者单位：University of Rochester; Center for Global Development - Europe; University of Oxford; The New School
摘要：Many public policies create winners and losers, but it is unclear whether redistribution can support new political economy equilibria that raise aggregate welfare. We study policies that partially redistribute foreign aid for refugees to natives while allowing refugees to work and move freely. Cash grants to Ugandan and Kenyan natives, labeled as aid from the refugee response, substantially increase support for refugee integration. Information about existing redistribution has significant but ...
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作者：Davila, Eduardo; Schaab, Andreas
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper introduces a decomposition of welfare assessments for general dynamic stochastic economies with heterogeneous individuals. The decomposition is based on constructing individual, dynamic, and stochastic weights that characterize how welfarist planners make trade-offs across individuals, dates, and histories. Guided by the compensation principle, it initially decomposes a welfare assessment into an efficiency and a redistribution component, while the efficiency component is further de...
