4期

最新文章

• Public policy's bibliography: The use of research in US regulatory impact analyses AI翻译
  作者：Desmarais, Bruce A.; Hird, John A.
  作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
  摘要：Major US federal regulatory decisions are developed and justified using regulatory impact analyses (RIAs) mandated by executive order. We examine the scientific citation activity in RIAs, a unique effort that we believe holds significant potential for understanding the use of science in policymaking. This paper reports preliminary findings from collecting and examining scientific citations in 104 RIAs from 2008-2012. We present evidence indicating that some agencies make extensive use of scien...
• Building European Union capacity to manage transboundary crises: Network or lead-agency model? AI翻译
  作者：Boin, Arjen; Busuioc, Madalina; Groenleer, Martijn
  作者单位：Utrecht University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Delft University of Technology
  摘要：In recent years, the European continent has witnessed a substantial number of transboundary crises - crises that cross geographical borders and affect multiple policy domains. Nation states find it hard to deal with such crises by themselves. International cooperation, thus, becomes increasingly important, but it is not clear what shape or form that cooperation should take. This article explores the growing role of the European Union (EU) in managing transboundary crises. More specifically, it...
• Punishing environmental crimes: An empirical study from lower courts to the court of appeal AI翻译
  作者：Billiet, Carole M.; Blondiau, Thomas; Rousseau, Sandra
  作者单位：Ghent University; KU Leuven; KU Leuven
  摘要：We analyze judicial policy lines concerning the punishment of environmental crime using a unique European dataset of individual criminal cases, including case-specific information on offenses and offenders. We investigate policy choices made by lower criminal courts, as well as their follow-up by the relevant court of appeal. The sanctioning policy of the courts has proven to be varied as well as consistent. Judges carefully balance effective and suspended penalties, most often using them cumu...
• Secondary learning and the unintended benefits of collaborative mechanisms: The Federal Aviation Administration's voluntary disclosure programs AI翻译
  作者：Mills, Russell W.; Reiss, Dorit Rubinstein
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Bowling Green State University; University of California System; University of California San Francisco
  摘要：Along with other types of process-oriented regulation, voluntary disclosure programs are increasingly used by regulatory agencies to supplement traditional inspection activities. Voluntary disclosure programs provide incentives, such as immunity or reduced regulatory enforcement to those submitting reports, while providing regulatory agencies with valuable information on existing risks and areas of non-compliance. This article contributes to the discussion of voluntary disclosure programs by h...
• Domestic drivers of transgovernmental regulatory cooperation AI翻译
  作者：Bach, David; Newman, Abraham
  作者单位：Yale University; Georgetown University
  摘要：Transgovernmental cooperation among domestic regulators has generated considerable interest among scholars and policymakers. While previous research has focused on describing such regulatory networks, we know very little about what drives individual jurisdictions to join them. The question of membership is important because it determines the reach of rules and standards promulgated by a given network, and because it is logically prior to understanding the rulemaking dynamic within a network. W...
• Global governance of training standards in an outsourced labor force: The training double bind in seafarer license and certification assessments AI翻译
  作者：Bloor, Michael; Sampson, Helen; Gekara, Victor
  作者单位：Cardiff University; Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT)
  摘要：The shipping industry is among the most globalized of all industries and is characterized by complex modular supply chains, including a largely outsourced labor force of just-in-time casualized workers from developing countries and the transitional East European states. Despite long-standing efforts by international bodies to standardize and regulate the education and training of seafarers, variations in practices and standards persist. Employers exercise contradictory influences on education ...