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作者：Vandenbroucke, Sarah
作者单位：Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC
摘要：Even though workplace conditions worldwide are subject to local and international laws, labor conditions in global supply chains have continuously raised human rights concerns. In response to societal pressure, multinationals have taken on a certain degree of responsibility regarding workplace conditions in supplier factories, notably by adopting codes of conduct. Investigating the impact of this self-regulatory policy, scholars have examined whether and how codes shape labor conditions at the...
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作者：Foster, Chase
作者单位：Technical University of Munich; Technical University of Munich
摘要：Many scholars predict that European integration will foster adversarial legalism in Europe. In this article, I empirically assess the Eurolegalism thesis by examining EU regulatory mandates in the competition and securities fields, two policy areas where adversarial legalism is seen as most likely to develop. I argue that the diffusion of adversarial legalism to Europe has faced significant political opposition in the EU policymaking process which has curtailed the use of private enforcement m...
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作者：Cecot, Caroline; Hahn, Robert W.
作者单位：George Mason University; University of Oxford; George Mason University
摘要：US regulatory agencies have been encouraged to consider the equity and distributional impacts of regulations for decades. This paper examines the extent to which such analysis is done and provides recommendations for improving it. We analyze 189 regulatory impact analyses (RIAs) that monetize at least some benefits and costs prepared by a variety of agencies from October 2003 to January 2021. We find that only two RIAs calculated the net benefits of a policy for a specific demographic group. F...
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作者：Bloomfield, Michael John; Manchanda, Nivi
作者单位：University of Bath; University of London; Queen Mary University London
摘要：To examine how private regulatory governance reproduces a market logic that always already circumscribes possibilities for radical change, we tarry with Michel Foucault's notion of governmentality and his writings on power. We focus on two major initiatives created to regulate gold supply chains, subjecting their publicly released documents to a discourse analysis. This reveals subtle but tangible examples of how these initiatives discursively shape business preferences and possibilities for e...
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作者：Dougherty, Christopher N.; Phillips, Susan D.
作者单位：Carleton University; Carleton University
摘要：Celebrity is a form of policy influence that can occur under distinctive circumstances. This paper draws on the regulatory/policy capture literature to develop a model of celebrity capture that explains how interest groups can affect policy in the absence of economic clout or constituency mobilization. We posit that the likelihood of celebrity capture increases when several factors align: (1) a context open to change; (2) reduced oversight in decisionmaking processes; (3) organizations that ha...
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作者：Coen, David; Katsaitis, Alexander; Vannoni, Matia
作者单位：University of London; University College London; Stockholm University
摘要：Lobbying has never been as sophisticated, complex, and well-funded as it is today. Significantly, interest group strategies are more advanced than the regulatory practices meant to contain them. This raises concerns about states' ability to resist unwanted influence from interest groups. How can government regulations be brought up to speed to address 21st-century lobbying practices? We argue that there are three critical dimensions to focus on: (i) regulatory consolidation; (ii) system intero...
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作者：Chen, Wanyi; Hu, Ning; Sun, Zhengjie; Zhang, Yiling
作者单位：Shanghai University
摘要：This study finds that the greater the pressure of regional competition, the more likely auditors are to issue aggressive audit reports that could damage audit quality. This phenomenon exists mainly in the increasing number of small audit offices in the same region. However, the increasing number of local Big 6 audit offices positively impacts audit quality. Furthermore, individual interviews and penalties on auditors by government agencies can effectively mitigate the negative impact of region...
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作者：Laux, Johann; Wachter, Sandra; Mittelstadt, Brent
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：In its AI Act, the European Union chose to understand trustworthiness of AI in terms of the acceptability of its risks. Based on a narrative systematic literature review on institutional trust and AI in the public sector, this article argues that the EU adopted a simplistic conceptualization of trust and is overselling its regulatory ambition. The paper begins by reconstructing the conflation of trustworthiness with acceptability in the AI Act. It continues by developing a prescriptive set of ...
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作者：DeSombre, Elizabeth R.; Knudsen, Jette Steen; Elder, Molly
作者单位：Wellesley College; Tufts University; Tufts University; Tufts University
摘要：Focusing on 23 greening measures, this paper systematically compares the greening efforts of the busiest container and cargo ports in the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). We move beyond accounts for general environmental differences between the EU and the US to examine how specific environmental decisions are shaped by the effects of regulatory characteristics in each region. We identify systematic variation in number and type of port greening measures adopted in the two regions...
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作者：Wang, Heng; Gao, Simin
作者单位：Singapore Management University; University of New South Wales Sydney; Tsinghua University; Singapore Management University
摘要：Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is a digital form of fiat currency. CBDC has the potential to be a game challenger in the international financial system, bringing increased complexities arising from technology and regulatory considerations, as well as generating greater currency competition. As more states begin exploring CBDC, the interactions between actors may lead to the emergence of a new CBDC network. What shape would the emerging CBDC network take? What would its network effects be...
