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作者：DONNER, A
摘要：Liang (1985) proposed an alternative to the Mantel-Haenszel procedure for testing the significance of an estimated common odds ratio when the binomial assumption for the observed cell frequencies is relaxed. It is shown that this procedure is a form of Fisher''s one-sample permutation test.
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作者：BOENDER, CGE; KAN, AHGR
摘要：We approach estimation of the size of a population or a vocabulary through a Bayesian analysis of the multinomial distribution. We view the sample as being generated from such a distribution with an unknown number of cells and unknown cell probabilities, and develop a Bayesian procedure to estimate the number of cells and the coverage of the sample. The prior distribution of the number of cells is arbitrary. Given that number, the cell probabilities are assumed to follow a symmetric Dirichlet ...
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作者：WHITTEMORE, AS; FRIEND, N; BROWN, BW; HOLLY, EA
摘要：A test is given to detect clustering in disease incidence or mortality data. The test statistic is the mean distance between all pairs of disease cases. Its null mean and variance and its asymptotic normality are derived under assumptions that accommodate differences in population distribution among demographic subgroups at different disease risk. The test is illustrated on 63 cases of anal and rectal squamous cell carcinoma in San Francisco during 1973-1981.
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作者：ROBERTS, G; RAO, JNK; KUMAR, S
作者单位：Carleton University
摘要：Standard chi-squared, X2, or likelihood ratio, G2, test statistics for logistic regression analysis, involving a binary response variable, are adjusted to take account of the the survey design. These adjustments are based on certain generalized design effects. Logistic regression diagnostics to detect any outlying cell proportions in the table and influential points in the factor space are also developed, taking account of the survey design. Finally, the results are used to analyse some data f...
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作者：WANG, YCJ
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University Camden
摘要：After partitioning the plane into fine rectangular regions, the bivariate normal probability integrals over all the rectangular regions can be considered as a population contingency table. The row and column marginals of this contingency table are two discretized univariate normal distributions. The logarithm of the local cross-product ratios are approximately linear. Given the correlation coefficient of the bivariate normal, a contingency table with discretized normal marginals and proper cro...
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作者：WELCH, WJ
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作者：BOYS, RJ; DUNSMORE, IR
作者单位：University of Sheffield
摘要：Screening methods are developed which raise the proportion of successes in the retained population to a predetermined level. Specification regions for the screening variables are derived within both the diagnostic and sampling paradigms (Dawid, 1976). Logistic and normal models are used for the two frameworks and the results are illustrated by an example of screening for malnourishment.
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作者：GILL, R; SCHUMACHER, M
作者单位：University of Freiburg
摘要：A new test of the proportional hazards assumption for two-sample censored data is presented. The test is based on a comparison of different generalized rank estimators of the relative risk. Asymptotic normality and consistency against alternatives with monotone hazard ratio are shown and relationships to other proposals are pointed out. A related graphical method is presented and recommendations for the choice of appropriate weight functions are given. The strengths and weaknesses of the test ...
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作者：KREMERS, WK; ROBSON, DS
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Cornell University
摘要：Suppose random variables are sampled sequentially until the sum of associated nonnegative random variables is greater than or equal to a predetermined constant. When no distributional asumptions are made, we derive uniform minimum variance unbiased estimators for functions which are U-estimable in the fixed sample size case. We also consider estimation for some special cases when distributional assumptions are made. When estimating the mean and variance of random means, it is often assumed tha...
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作者：BEGG, CB; GRAY, RJ
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard Medical School
摘要：A method is developed for the analysis of case-control studies with prevalent cases. The method permits adjustments for potential bias induced by association of the exposure of interest and/or covariates with survival. The only additional information required is the time since diagnosis of each prevalent case. The method employs an accelerated life model, the parameters of which are estiamted using quasi-likelihood techniques. In this way, no assumptions are required about the random component...
