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作者：Morgan, Kari Lock; Rubin, Donald B.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Harvard University
摘要：When conducting a randomized experiment, if an allocation yields treatment groups that differ meaningfully with respect to relevant covariates, groups should be rerandomized. The process involves specifying an explicit criterion for whether an allocation is acceptable, based on a measure of covariate balance, and rerandomizing units until an acceptable allocation is obtained. Here, we illustrate how rerandomization could have improved the design of an already conducted randomized experiment on...
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作者：Xu, Jin; Chen, Jiajie; Qian, Peter Z. G.
作者单位：East China Normal University; Wells Fargo Company; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：The use of iteratively enlarged Latin hypercube designs for running computer experiments has recently gained popularity in practice. This approach conducts an initial experiment with a computer code using a Latin hypercube design and then runs a follow-up experiment with additional runs elaborately chosen so that the combined design set for the two experiments forms a larger Latin hypercube design. This augmenting process can be repeated multiple stages, where in each stage the augmented desig...
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作者：Chen, Hua Yun; Rader, Daniel E.; Li, Mingyao
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：A flexible semiparametric odds ratio model has been proposed to unify and to extend both the log-linear model and the joint normal model for data with a mix of discrete and continuous variables. The semiparametric odds ratio model is particularly useful for analyzing biased sampling designs. However, statistical inference of the model has not been systematically studied when more than one nonparametric component is involved in the model. In this article, we study the maximum semiparametric lik...
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作者：Hu, Yi-Juan; Sun, Wei; Tzeng, Jung-Ying; Perou, Charles M.
作者单位：Emory University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; North Carolina State University; National Cheng Kung University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：Studies of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) offer insight into the molecular mechanisms of loci that were found to be associated with complex diseases and the mechanisms can be classified into cis- and trans-acting regulation. At present, high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is rapidly replacing expression microarrays to assess gene expression abundance. Unlike microarrays that only measure the total expression of each gene, RNA-seq also provides information on allele-specific ex...
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作者：Lee, Juhee; Thall, Peter F.; Ji, Yuan; Mueller, Peter
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This article proposes a phase I/II clinical trial design for adaptively and dynamically optimizing each patient's dose in each of two cycles of therapy based on the joint binary efficacy and toxicity outcomes in each cycle. A dose-outcome model is assumed that includes a Bayesian hierarchical latent variable structure to induce association among the outcomes and also facilitate posterior computation. Doses are chosen in each cycle based on posteriors of a model-based objective function, simila...
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作者：Preuss, Philip; Puchstein, Ruprecht; Dette, Holger
作者单位：Ruhr University Bochum
摘要：We propose a new nonparametric procedure (referred to as MuBreD) for the detection and estimation of multiple structural breaks in the autocovariance function of a multivariate (second-order) piecewise stationary process, which also identifies the components of the series where the breaks occur. MuBreD is based on a comparison of the estimated spectral distribution on different segments of the observed time series and consists of three steps: it starts with a consistent test, which allows us t...
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作者：Wu, C. F. Jeff
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：Fisher's pioneering work in design of experiments has inspired further work with broader applications, especially in industrial experimentation. This article discusses three topics in physical experiments: principles of effect hierarchy, sparsity, and heredity for factorial designs, a new method called conditional main effect (CME) for de-aliasing aliased effects, and robust parameter design. I also review the recent emergence of virtual experiments on a computer. Some major challenges in comp...
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作者：Guo, Zifang; Li, Lexin; Lu, Wenbin; Li, Bing
作者单位：Merck & Company; Merck & Company USA; Stanford University; Li Ka Shing Center; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; North Carolina State University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：The family of sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) methods that produce informative combinations of predictors, or indices, are particularly useful for high-dimensional regression analysis. In many such analyses, it becomes increasingly common that there is available a priori subject knowledge of the predictors; for example, they belong to different groups. While many recent SDR proposals have greatly expanded the scope of the methods' applicability, how to effectively incorporate the prior pr...
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作者：Zhou, Jing; Bhattacharya, Anirban; Herring, Amy H.; Dunson, David B.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Duke University
摘要：It has become routine to collect data that are structured as multiway arrays (tensors). There is an enormous literature on low rank and sparse matrix factorizations, but limited consideration of extensions to the tensor case in statistics. The most common low rank tensor factorization relies on parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), which expresses a rank k tensor as a sum of rank one tensors. In contingency table applications in which the sample size is massively less than the number of cells in...
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作者：Scott, James G.; Kelly, Ryan C.; Smith, Matthew A.; Zhou, Pengcheng; Kass, Robert E.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Carnegie Mellon University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：This article introduces false discovery rate regression, a method for incorporating covariate information into large-scale multiple-testing problems. FDR regression estimates a relationship between test-level covariates and the prior probability that a given observation is a signal. It then uses this estimated relationship to inform the outcome of each test in a way that controls the overall false discovery rate at a prespecified level. This poses many subtle issues at the interface between in...
