作者：VITALIANO, DF
摘要：The use of salt for deicing roads results in costs estimated at more than $800 per ton-including the costs of repair and maintenance of roads and bridges, vehicle corrosion costs, and loss of aesthetic value through roadside tree damage. Additionally, there are probable health costs related to elevated sodium levels in drinking water. The new Surface Transportation Act of 1991 appears to replace the previous federal funding policy that was biased against the use of calcium magnesium acetate (C...
作者：MILLER, TI; MILLER, MA
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：Methods and outcomes of local governments' assessments of service excellence were examined in a meta-analysis of 261 citizen surveys administered during the last ten years to more than 200,000 U.S. residents who were intended to represent over 30 million Americans. Evaluations of local government services were calculated for good and bad assessment procedures. While assessment methods were poor whether or not applied by outside consultants, good survey methods tended to provide the same accoun...
作者：HARRISON, B; GORHAM, L
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Much recent scholarship and popular discussion posits a substantial movement of African-American households into the middle class. Yet over the course of the 1980s, the proportion of individual black wage-earners receiving annualized (work experience-adjusted) wages and salaries in excess of about $35,000-three times the poverty line-fell by 22 percent, even as the share of African-Americans earning below the poverty line increased by a fifth. This was true for all age groups, and even for per...
