2024

最新文章

• Which direction should we head to get to our North Star? AI翻译
  作者：Furman, Jason
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University
• The consequences of high-fatality school shootings for surviving students AI翻译
  作者：Levine, Phillip B.; McKnight, Robin
  作者单位：Wellesley College; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：This paper examines the impact of high-fatality school shootings on the subsequent outcomes of the survivors of those events. We focus specifically on the shootings at Columbine High School (Littleton, CO), Sandy Hook Elementary (Newtown, CT), and Marjorie Stoneman Douglas High School (Parkland, FL). We assess the subsequent educational record, including attendance and test scores, and the long-term health consequences of surviving students. In all analyses, we treat the timing and location of...
• Course grades as a signal of student achievement: Evidence of grade inflation before and after COVID-19 AI翻译
  作者：Goldhaber, Dan; Goodman Young, Maia
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; American Institutes for Research
  摘要：There is widespread speculation and some evidence that grades and grading standards changed during the pandemic, making higher grades relatively easier to achieve. In this paper we use longitudinal data from students in Washington State to investigate middle and high school grades in math, science, and English pre- and post-pandemic. Our descriptive analysis of the data reveals that-in accordance with state guidance-almost no students received an F in the spring of 2020, and the share of stude...
• The impact of paid sick leave mandates on women's employment and economic security AI翻译
  作者：Slopen, Meredith
  作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate School
  摘要：The United States does not guarantee job-protected paid leave to workers when they or a family member are ill or need to seek medical care. Prior research shows that women are less likely to have access to paid sick leave (PSL) through their employers. I examine the impacts of three recent state-level paid sick leave policies in California, Massachusetts, and Oregon on women's employment and economic security using data from the American Community Survey. Using difference-in-differences and dy...
• The Marriage Paradox: Understanding and remedying the paradoxical place of marriage in America AI翻译
  作者：Wilcox, W. Bradford; Hawkins, Alan J.
  作者单位：University of Virginia; Brigham Young University
• Bridge the marriage divide, don't accept it AI翻译
  作者：Wilcox, W. Bradford; Hawkins, Alan J.
  作者单位：University of Virginia; Brigham Young University
• The limits of awards for anti-corruption: Experimental and ethnographic evidence from Uganda AI翻译
  作者：Buntaine, Mark T.; Bagabo, Alex; Bangerter, Tanner; Bukuluki, Paul; Daniels, Brigham
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Makerere University; Brigham Young University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
  摘要：Conventional anti-corruption approaches focus on detecting and punishing the misuse of public office. These approaches are often ineffective in settings where social norms do not support reporting and punishing corruption. Attempting to build anti-corruption norms, we conducted a field experiment in Uganda that offered elected, local leaders the chance to earn awards for overseeing development projects according to legal guidelines. We then conducted a second field experiment that informed oth...
• Pandemic-era changes to medicaid enrollment and funding: Implications for future policy and research AI翻译
  作者：Dague, Laura; Ukert, Benjamin
  作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M Health Science Center
  摘要：The COVID-19 public health emergency led to federal legislation that changed the landscape of Medicaid coverage for low-income people in the United States. Policy responses led to a surge in Medicaid caseloads due to new rules preventing Medicaid disenrollment, and total Medicaid enrollment increased more from 2020 to 2023 than the net increase in insurance coverage from 2013 to 2017 following the Affordable Care Act's implementation. It is crucial for scholars and practitioners to understand ...
• Are policy mixes in energy regulation effective in curbing carbon emissions? Insights from China's energy regulation policies AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Jianxian; Nie, Xin; Wang, Han
  作者单位：Guangxi University; Peking University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Guangxi University
  摘要：We consider the policy mixes of three categories of energy regulation policies in China: renewable energy law (mandatory policy), low-carbon city pilot (voluntary policy), and carbon emissions trading system (market-based policy). The mix of mandatory, voluntary, and market-based policies mitigates 4.359 million metric tons of carbon emissions. Voluntary and market-based energy policies work, while mandatory policy fails due to rent-seeking by local officials. Policy mixes are more effective i...
• Waivers for the public service loan forgiveness program: Who could benefit from take-up? AI翻译
  作者：Briones, Diego A.; Ruby, Nathaniel; Turner, Sarah
  作者单位：University of Virginia
  摘要：For workers employed in the public and nonprofit sectors, the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program offers the potential for full forgiveness of federal student loans for those with 10 years of full-time work experience. A year-long waiver issued by the Department of Education in 2021 to address administrative problems in program access provided a new path to PSLF relief for many borrowers. We explore the overall impact and distributional implications of potential full participation i...