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作者：Fattahi, Ali; Dasu, Sriram; Ahmadi, Reza
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We study a new parts-procurement planning problem that is motivated by a global auto manufacturer (GAM) that practices mass customization. Because of the astronomically large number of producible configurations, forecasting their demand is impossible. Instead, firms forecast demand for options that constitute a vehicle. Requirements for many parts (up to 60%) are based on the combinations of options in a fully configured vehicle. The options' forecast, however, does not map into a unique confi...
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作者：Chen, Tao; Lin, Chen; Shaoc, Xiang
作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; University of Hong Kong; Fudan University
摘要：This paper studies how globalization affects the corporate tax policies of U.S. manufacturing firms. Using U.S.-granting China Permanent Normal Trade Relations as a quasi-natural experiment, we find a significant increase in tax reduction activities for firms facing higher exposure to Chinese imports. The effect is more pronounced for firms with higher managerial slack. We also find that the effect is stronger for firms in less diversified products market and faster changing industries. We als...
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作者：Ladas, Konstantinos; Kavadias, Stylianos; Loch, Christoph
作者单位：University of Cambridge
摘要：We present a model that suggests possible explanations for the observed proliferation of pay-per-use (PPU) business models over the last two decades. Delivering fractions of a product as a service offers a cost advantage to customers with lower usage but requires extra delivery costs. Previous research focused on information goods (with negligible production costs) and predicted that PPU, when arising as a differentiation to selling in equilibrium, would fundamentally achieve lower profits tha...
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作者：Cohen, Maxime C.; Fiszer, Michael D.; Kim, Baek Jung
作者单位：McGill University; University of British Columbia
摘要：The service industry has become increasingly competitive. One of the main drivers for increasing profits and market share is service quality. When consumers encounter a bad experience, or a frustration, they may be tempted to stop using the service. In collaboration with the ride-sharing platform Via, our goal is to understand the benefits of proactively compensating customers who have experienced a frustration. Motivated by historical data, we consider two types of frustrations: long waiting ...
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作者：Galeotti, Fabio; Montero, Maria; Poulsen, Anders
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON); Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Universite Jean Monnet; Universite Lyon 2; CNRS - Institute for Humanities & Social Sciences (INSHS); University of Nottingham; University of Nottingham; University of East Anglia; University of East Anglia
摘要：We experimentally investigate, in an unstructured bargaining environment with commonly known money payoffs, the attraction effect and compromise effect (AE and CE) in bargaining, namely, a tendency for bargainers to agree to an intermediate option (CE) or to an option that dominates another option (AE). We conjecture that the relevance of the AE and CE in bargaining is constrained by how focal the feasible agreements' payoffs are. We indeed observe that there are significant AEs and CEs, but t...
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作者：Chao, Matthew; Larkin, Ian
作者单位：Williams College; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Hospital and healthcare administrators name high prescription drug costs as one of their largest problems. A significant body of research demonstrates that meals and honoraria from pharmaceutical firms to physicians leads to higher prescribing of expensive, brand name drugs, despite little difference in efficacy. Some administrators and scholars have advocated for mandatory disclosure of these payments in order to reduce this conflict of interest, but many practitioners believe disclosure has ...
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作者：Elmachtoub, Adam N.; Grigas, Paul
作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Many real-world analytics problems involve two significant challenges: prediction and optimization. Because of the typically complex nature of each challenge, the standard paradigm is predict-then-optimize. By and large, machine learning tools are intended to minimize prediction error and do not account for how the predictions will be used in the downstream optimization problem. In contrast, we propose a new and very general framework, called Smart Predict, then Optimize (SPO), which directly ...
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作者：Alfaro, Laura; Faia, Ester; Lamersdorf, Nora; Saidi, Farzad
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Goethe University Frankfurt; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Bonn
摘要：Social preferences facilitate the internalization of health externalities, for example, by reducing mobility during a pandemic. We test this hypothesis using mobility data from 258 cities worldwide alongside experimentally validated measures of social preferences. Controlling for time-varying heterogeneity that could arise at the level at which mitigation policies are implemented, we find that they matter less in regions that are more altruistic, patient, or exhibit less negative reciprocity. ...
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作者：Breugem, Thomas; Dollevoet, Twan; Huisman, Dennis
作者单位：INSEAD Business School; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC
摘要：Millions of employees around the world work in irregular rosters. The quality of these rosters is of utmost importance. High-quality rosters should be attractive on an individual level, but also divide the work fairly over the employees. We develop novel methodology to compute the trade-off between fairness and attractiveness in crew rostering. First, we propose an intuitive fairness scheme for crew rostering and analyze its theoretical performance. To do so, we introduce the approximate resou...
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作者：Gur, Yonatan; Macnamara, Gregory; Saban, Daniela
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：We study the design of sequential procurement strategies that integrate stochastic and strategic information. We consider a buyer who repeatedly demands a certain good and is unable to commit to long-term contracts. In each time period, the buyer makes a price offer to a seller who has private, persistent information regarding his or her cost and quality of provision. If the offer is accepted, the seller provides the good with a stochastic quality that is not contractible. Therefore, the buyer...
