1999

最新文章

• Predicting queueing delays AI翻译
  作者：Whitt, W
  作者单位：AT&T
  摘要：This paper investigates the possibility of predicting each customer's waiting time in queue before starting service in a multiserver service system with the first-come first-served service discipline, such as a telephone call center. A predicted waiting-time distribution or an appropriate summary statistic such as the mean or the 90th percentile may be communicated to the customer upon arrival and possibly thereafter in order to improve customer satisfaction. The predicted waiting-time distrib...
• A branch-first, cut-second approach for locomotive assignment AI翻译
  作者：Ziarati, K; Soumis, F; Desrosiers, J; Solomon, MM
  作者单位：Universite de Montreal; Polytechnique Montreal; Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Northeastern University
  摘要：The problem of assigning locomotives to trains consists of selecting the types and number of engines that minimize the fixed and operational locomotive costs resulting from providing sufficient power to pull trains on fixed schedules. The force required to gull a train is often expressed in terms of horsepower and tonnage requirements rather than in terms of number of engines. This complicates the solution process of the integer programming formulation and usually creates a large integrality g...
• Simulating project work processes and organizations: Toward a micro-contingency theory of organizational design AI翻译
  作者：Levitt, RE; Thomsen, J; Christiansen, TR; Kunz, JC; Jin, Y; Nass, C
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Southern California; Stanford University
  摘要：The Virtual Design Team (VDT) extends and operationalizes Galbraith's (1973) information-processing view of organizations. VDT simulates the micro-level information processing, communication, and coordination behavior of participants in a project organization and predicts several measures of participant and project-level performance. VDT-1 (Cohen 1991) and VDT-2 (Christiansen 1993) modeled project organizations containing actors with perfectly congruent goals engaged in complex but routine eng...
• Profitability and marketability of the top 55 US commercial banks AI翻译
  作者：Seiford, LM; Zhu, J
  作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Worcester Polytechnic Institute
  摘要：Utilizing recent developments in data envelopment analysis (DEA), this paper examines the performance of the top 55 U.S. commercial banks via a two-stage production process that separates profitability and marketability. Substantial performance inefficiency is uncovered in both dimensions. Relatively large banks exhibit better performance on profitability, whereas smaller banks tend to perform better with respect to marketability. New context-dependent performance measures are defined for prof...
• New firm survival: Institutional explanations for new franchisor mortality AI翻译
  作者：Shane, S; Foo, MD
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National University of Singapore
  摘要：Why do some new firms succeed and others fail? Economists argue that the new firms fail because entrepreneurs inefficiently manage production and organizational design (Williamson 1985). Sociologists (e.g., Granovetter 1985) have typically viewed this explanation as undersocialized, and argue that institutional legitimacy must also be considered to explain the survival of new firms. This paper examines the survival of 1292 new franchisors established in the United States from 1979-1996. The re...
• Price versus production postponement: Capacity and competition AI翻译
  作者：Van Mieghem, JA; Dada, M
  作者单位：Northwestern University; Purdue University System; Purdue University
  摘要：This article presents a comparative analysis of possible postponement strategies in a two-stage decision model where firms make three decisions: capacity investment, production (inventory) quantity, and price. Typically, investments are made while the demand curve is uncertain. The strategies differ in the timing of the operational decisions relative to the realization of uncertainty. We show how competition, uncertainty, and the timing of operational decisions influence the strategic investme...
• The impact of adding a make-to-order item to a make-to-stock production system AI翻译
  作者：Federgruen, A; Katalan, Z
  作者单位：Columbia University; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Stochastic Economic Lot Scheduling Problems (ELSPs) involve settings where several items need to be produced in a common facility with limited capacity, under significant uncertainty regarding demands, unit production times, setup times, or combinations thereof. We consider systems where some products are made-to-stock while another product line is made-to-order. We present a rich and effective class of strategies for which a variety of cost and performance measures can be evaluated and optimi...
• Measures of perceived risk AI翻译
  作者：Jia, JM; Dyer, JS; Butler, JC
  作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
  摘要：Based on our previous work on the standard measure of risk, this paper presents two classes of measures for perceived risk by decomposing a lottery into its mean and standard risk. One of the classes of our risk measures presumes that there is no risk when there is no uncertainty involved, and the other allows different degenerate lotteries to be evaluated with different values of risk. The former has more prescriptive appeal in risky decision making, but the latter may have more descriptive p...
• Inventory reduction and productivity growth: Linkages in the Japanese automotive industry AI翻译
  作者：Lieberman, MB; Demeester, L
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：The Literature on JIT production suggests a causal Link between work-in-process inventory and manufacturing productivity. Such a connection has been described in numerous case studies but never tested statistically. This paper uses historical data for 52 Japanese automotive companies to evaluate the inventory-productivity relationship. We find that firms increased their productivity rank during periods of substantial inventory reduction. More detailed tests suggest that inventory reductions st...
• Modeling emergency supply flexibility in a two-echelon inventory system AI翻译
  作者：Alfredsson, P; Verrijdt, J
  作者单位：Eindhoven University of Technology
  摘要：We consider a two-echelon inventory system for service parts. To obtain high service levels at a low cost we allow not only for normal supply of parts but also for emergency supply options in terms of lateral transshipments and direct deliveries. After presenting the strategy we use for satisfying customer demand, we construct an analytical model that we use to calculate relevant performance measures. Simulation shows that our model produces accurate estimates, and that the performance of the ...