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作者：Ouyang, Yanfeng
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The authors analyze the bullwhip effect in multistage, decentralized supply chains operated with linear and time-invariant inventory management policies; the focus is on robustness. The supply chain is modeled as a single-input, single-output control system driven by arbitrary customer demands. The authors derive robust analytical conditions to predict the presence of the bullwhip effect and bound its magnitude, based only on the way inventories are managed. These results hold independently of...
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作者：Hwang, Iny; Radhakrishnan, Suresh; Su, Lixin (Nancy)
作者单位：Minnesota State Colleges & Universities; Minnesota State University Mankato; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
摘要：We examine the buyer's problem of inducing the supplier's quality effort using two arrangements: the appraisal regime and the certification regime. In the appraisal regime, the buyer inspects the units supplied and either charges a penalty for defective units identified during inspection or pays the unit price for good units. In the certification regime, the supplier obtains vendor certification and the buyer pays the unit price for all units supplied. The inspection technology and the certifi...
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作者：Zhu, Kevin; Kraemer, Kenneth L.; Xu, Sean
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：This paper extends our previous studies on the assimilation of Internet-based e-business innovations by firms in an international setting. Drawing upon theories on the process and contexts of technology diffusion, we develop an integrative model to examine three assimilation stages: initiation -> adoption -> routinization. The model features technological, organizational, and environmental contexts as prominent antecedents of this three-stage assimilation process. Based on this model, we hypot...
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作者：Alcacer, Juan
作者单位：New York University
摘要：There has been a recent revival of interest in the geographic component of firm strategy. Recent research suggests that two opposing forces-competition costs and agglomeration benefits-determine whether firms collocate in a given geographic market. Unexplored is (1) whether these forces have different impacts on R&D, production, and sales subsidiaries, leading to diverse collocation levels, and (2) how firm capabilities impact collocation by increasing or decreasing competition costs and agglo...
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作者：Dellarocas, Chrysanthos
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：There is growing evidence that consumers are influenced by Internet-based opinion forums before making a variety of purchase decisions. Firms whose products are being discussed in such forums are therefore tempted to manipulate consumer perceptions by posting costly anonymous messages that praise their products. This paper offers a theoretical analysis of the impact of such behavior on firm profits and consumer surplus. There are three main results. First, if every firm's manipulation strategy...
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作者：Plambeck, Erica L.; Taylor, Terry A.
作者单位：Stanford University; Columbia University; Dartmouth College
摘要：This paper considers two firms that engage in joint production. The prospect of repeated interaction introduces dynamics, in that actions that firms take today influence the costliness and effectiveness of actions in the future. Repeated interaction also facilitates the use of informal agreements (relational contracts) that are sustained not by the court system, but by the ongoing value of the relationship. We characterize the optimal relational contract in this dynamic system with double mora...
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作者：Kadane, Joseph B.; Krishnan, Ramayya; Shmueli, Galit
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Count data arise in various organizational settings. When the release of such data is sensitive, organizations need information-disclosure policies that protect data confidentiality while still providing data access. In contrast to extant disclosure policies, we describe a new policy for count tables that is based on disclosing only the sufficient statistics of a flexible discrete distribution. This distribution, the COM-Poisson, well approximates Poisson counts but also under- and over-disper...
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作者：Bernstein, Fernando; Chen, Fangruo; Federgruen, Awi
作者单位：Duke University; Columbia University
摘要：We characterize supply chain settings in-which perfect coordination can be achieved with simple wholesale pricing schemes: either retailer-specific constant unit wholesale prices or retailer-specific volume discount schemes. We confine ourselves to two-echelon supply chains with a single supplier servicing a network of retailers who compete with each other by selecting sales quantities. We identify a key sufficient condition, in terms of interdependencies between chain members' operational dec...
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作者：Sosic, Greys
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：The author considers a model of a decentralized distribution system consisting of n retailers selling an identical product. Retailers face a stochastic demand and must order their initial inventory before this demand is realized. After demand realization, retailers decide how much of their unsold inventory or unsatisfied demand they want to share with other retailers. This is followed by a transshipment of leftover inventories and distribution of the additional profit generated through invento...
