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作者：Cheng, Zhuo (June); Nault, Barrie R.
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; University of Calgary
摘要：We model and estimate the effects to downstream productivity from information technology (IT) investments made upstream. Specifically, we examine how an industry's productivity is affected by the IT capital stock of its suppliers. These supplier-driven IT spillovers occur because, due to competition in the supplying industry, quality benefits from suppliers' IT investments can pass downstream. If the output deflators of supplying industries (consequently the intermediate input deflator of the ...
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作者：Boh, Wai Fong; Slaughter, Sandra A.; Espinosa, J. Alberto
作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; Carnegie Mellon University; American University
摘要：This study examines whether individuals, groups, and organizational units learn from experience in software development and whether this learning improves productivity. Although prior research has found the existence of learning curves in manufacturing and service industries, it is not clear whether learning curves also apply to knowledge work like software development. We evaluate the relative productivity impacts from accumulating specialized experience in a system, diversified experience in...
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作者：Guo, Zhiling; Koehler, Gary J.; Whinston, Andrew B.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：In this paper, a market-based decomposition method for decomposable linear systems is developed. The solution process iterates between a master problem that solves the market-matching problem, and subproblems that solve the agents' bundle-determination problems. Starting from any initial price and feasible allocation, system optimality can be achieved under a dynamic market-trading algorithm in a finite number of trades. The final market-clearing prices are discovered by this market trading an...
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作者：Perakis, Georgia; Roels, Guillaume
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：In this paper, we quantify the efficiency of decentralized supply chains that use price-only contracts. With Ia price-only contract, a buyer and a seller agree only on a constant transaction price, without specifying the amount that will be transferred. It is well known that these contracts do not provide incentives to the parties to coordinate their inventory/capacity decisions. We measure efficiency with the price of anarchy (PoA), defined as the largest ratio of profits between the integrat...
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作者：Van Mieghem, Jan A.
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：This paper studies how judicious resource allocation in networks mitigates risk. Theory is presented for general utility functions and mean-variance formulations and is illustrated with networks featuring resource diversification, flexibility (e.g., inventory substitution), and sharing (commonality). In contrast to single-resource settings, risk-averse newsvendors may invest more in networks than risk-neutral newsvendors: some resources and even total spending may exceed risk-neutral levels. W...
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作者：Arora, Ashish; Greenwald, Amy; Kannan, Karthik; Krishnan, Ramayya
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Brown University; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：Geographically dispersed sellers in electronic reverse marketplaces such as those hosted by market-makers like Ariba are uncertain about the number of competitors they face in any given market session. We refer to this uncertainty about the number of competitors as market-structure uncertainty. Over the course of several market sessions sellers learn about the competitive nature of the marketplace. How they learn to reduce the market-structure uncertainty depends on the market-transparency sch...
