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作者：Oh, Wonseok; Jeon, Sangyong
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; RIKEN; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Brookhaven National Laboratory
摘要：The aim of this paper is twofold: (1) to conceptually understand membership dynamics in the open source software (OSS) community, and (2) to explore how different network characteristics (i.e., network size and connectivity) influence the stability of an OSS network. Through the lens of Ising theory, which is widely accepted in physics, we investigate basic patterns of interaction and present fresh conceptual insight into dynamic and reciprocal relations among OSS community members. We also pe...
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作者：Rivkin, Jan W.; Siggelkow, Nicolaj
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Scholars who view organizational, social, and technological systems as sets of interdependent decisions have increasingly used simulation models from the biological and physical sciences to examine system behavior. These models shed light on an enduring managerial question: How much exploration is necessary to discover a good configuration of decisions? The models suggest that, as interactions across decisions intensify and local optima proliferate, broader exploration is required. The models ...
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作者：Schilling, Melissa A.; Phelps, Corey C.
作者单位：New York University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：The structure of alliance networks influences their potential for knowledge creation. Dense local clustering provides information transmission capacity in the network by fostering communication and cooperation. Nonredundant connections contract the distance between firms and give the network greater reach by tapping a wider range of knowledge resources. We propose that firms embedded in alliance networks that exhibit both high clustering and high reach (short average path lengths to a wide ran...
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作者：Kogut, Bruce; Urso, Pietro; Walker, Gordon
作者单位：INSEAD Business School; Southern Methodist University
摘要：The recorded transactions of venture capital investments permit a direct examination of the Braudel hypothesis that regional markets evolve dynamically and interdependently in reference to a global system. This hyothesis contradicts the popular belief that regional financial development is anchored in dense clusters. Using methods of complex graphs, we analyze 159,561 transactions over nearly 45 years to demonstrate the rapid emergence of a national network of syndications. A giant component e...
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作者：Hanaki, Nobuyuki; Peterhansl, Alexander; Dodds, Peter S.; Watts, Duncan J.
作者单位：University of Tsukuba; Columbia University; University of Vermont; Columbia University; Columbia University
摘要：We study the problem of cooperative behavior emerging in an environment where individual behaviors and interaction structures coevolve. Players not only learn which strategy to adopt by imitating the strategy of the best-performing player they observe, but also choose with whom they should interact by selectively creating and/or severing ties with other players based on a myopic cost-benefit comparison. We find that scalable cooperation-that is, high levels of cooperation in large populations-...
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作者：Linn, Scott C.; Tay, Nicholas S. P.
作者单位：University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; University of San Francisco
摘要：Empirical evidence on the distributional characteristics of common stock returns indicates: (1) A power-law tail index close to three describes the behavior of the positive tail of the survivor function of returns (pr(r > x) similar to x(-alpha)), a reflection of fat tails; (2) general linear and nonlinear dependencies exist in the time series of returns; (3) the time-series return process is characterized by short-run dependence (short memory) in both returns as well as their volatility, the ...
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作者：Braha, Dan; Bar-Yam, Yaneer
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University Massachusetts Dartmouth
摘要：In recent years, understanding the structure and function of complex networks has become the foundation for explaining many different real-world complex biological, technological, and informal social phenomena. Techniques from statistical physics have been successfully applied to the analysis of these networks, and have uncovered surprising statistical structural properties that have also been shown to have a major effect on their functionality dynamics, robustness, and fragility. This paper e...
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作者：Huang, Zan; Zeng, Daniel D.; Chen, Hsinchun
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Arizona
摘要：We apply random graph modeling methodology to analyze bipartite consumer-product graphs that represent sales transactions to better understand consumer purchase behavior in e-commerce settings. Based on two real-world e-commerce data sets, we found that such graphs demonstrate topological features that deviate significantly from theoretical predictions based on standard random graph models. In particular, we observed consistently larger-than-expected average path lengths and a greater-than-exp...
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作者：Cowan, Robin; Jonard, Nicolas; Zimmermann, Jean-Benoit
作者单位：Maastricht University; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite
摘要：In this paper, we model the formation of innovation networks as they emerge from bilateral decisions. In contrast to much of the literature, here firms only consider knowledge production, and not network issues, when deciding on partners. Thus, we focus attention on the effects of the knowledge and information regime on network formation. The effectiveness of a bilateral collaboration is determined by cognitive, relational, and structural embeddedness. Innovation results from the recombination...
