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作者：Li, Xiao-Bai; Sarkar, Sumit
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Lowell; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
摘要：T he extensive use of information technologies by organizations to collect and share personal data has raised strong privacy concerns. To respond to the public's demand for data privacy, a class of clustering-based data masking techniques is increasingly being used for privacy-preserving data sharing and analytics. Although they address reidentification risks, traditional clustering-based approaches for masking numeric attributes typically do not consider the disclosure risk of categorical con...
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作者：Rogers, L. C. G.; Veraart, L. A. M.
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper is concerned with systemic risk in an interbank market, modelled as a directed graph of interbank obligations. This builds on the modelling paradigm of Eisenberg and Noe [Eisenberg L, Noe TH (2001) Systemic risk in financial systems. Management Sci. 47(2):236-249] by introducing costs of default if loans have to be called in by a failing bank. This immediately introduces novel and realistic effects. We find that, in general, many different clearing vectors can arise, among which the...
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作者：Yang, Yan; Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy D.; Wein, Lawrence M.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：Because of the health and economic costs of childhood obesity, coupled with studies suggesting the benefits of comprehensive (dietary, physical activity, and behavioral counseling) intervention, the U. S. Preventive Services Task Force recently recommended childhood screening and intervention for obesity beginning at age 6. Using a longitudinal data set consisting of the body mass index of 3,164 children up to age 18 and another longitudinal data set containing the body mass index at ages 18 a...
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作者：Gruber, Marc; Harhoff, Dietmar; Hoisl, Karin
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; University of Munich; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Building on the seminal work of Thomas J. Allen, we contribute to the emerging microlevel theory of knowledge recombination by examining how individual-level characteristics of inventors affect the breadth of their technological recombinations. Our data set combines information from 30,550 European patents with matched survey data obtained from 1,880 inventors. The analysis supports the view that inventors with a scientific education are more likely to generate patents that span technological ...
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作者：Baiman, Stanley; Heinle, Mirko S.; Saouma, Richard
作者单位：Bocconi University; University of Pennsylvania; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Capital budgeting frequently involves multiple stages at which firms can continue or abandon ongoing projects. In this paper, we study a project requiring two stages of investment. Failure to fund Stage 1 of the investment precludes investment in Stage 2, whereas failure to fund Stage 2 results in early termination. In contrast to the existing literature, we assume that the firm can limit the manager's informational rents with the early termination of the project. In this setting, we find that...
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作者：Bracha, Anat; Fershtman, Chaim
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Boston; Tel Aviv University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Tinbergen Institute
摘要：Almost all jobs require a combination of cognitive effort and labor effort. This paper focuses on the effect that competitive incentive schemes have on the chosen combination of these two types of efforts. We use an experimental approach to show that competitive incentives may induce agents to work harder but not necessarily smarter. This effect was stronger for women.
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作者：Lehman, David W.; Hahn, Jungpil
作者单位：University of Virginia; National University of Singapore
摘要：This study examines how momentum shapes organizational risk taking. We define momentum as a sustained and systematic trajectory in performance over time, and we argue that such trends impact interpretations of current performance as well as expectations of future performance. Drawing on the variable focus of attention model, we posit that momentum therefore directs the focus of organizational attention between concerns of aspirations, survival, and slack. Our conceptual model accounts for mome...
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作者：Battilana, Julie; Casciaro, Tiziana
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Toronto
摘要：We propose a relational theory of how change agents in organizations use the strength of ties in their network to overcome resistance to change. We argue that strong ties to potentially influential organization members who are ambivalent about a change (fence-sitters) provide the change agent with an affective basis to coopt them. This cooptation increases the probability that the organization will adopt the change. By contrast, strong ties to potentially influential organization members who d...
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作者：Agarwal, Rajshree; Ohyama, Atsushi
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Hokkaido University
摘要：We extend life cycle models of human capital investments by incorporating matching theory to examine the sorting pattern of heterogeneous scientists into different career trajectories. We link differences in physical capital investments and complementarities between basic and applied scientists across industry and academic settings to individual differences in scientist ability and preferences to predict an equilibrium matching of scientists to careers and to their earnings evolution. Our empi...
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作者：Shulman, Jeffrey D.; Geng, Xianjun
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
摘要：This paper uses an analytical model to examine the consequences of add-on pricing when firms are both horizontally and vertically differentiated and there is a segment of boundedly rational consumers who are unaware of the add-on fees at the time of initial purchase. We find that consumers who know the add-on fees can be penalized-and increasingly so-by the existence of boundedly rational consumers. Our consideration of quality asymmetries on base goods and add-ons, plus the inclusion of bound...
