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作者：HERMAN, R
摘要：This paper is based on the second Philip McCord Morse Lecture given May 14, 1991, at the TIMS/ORSA Joint National Meeting in Nashville. It traces the author's involvement in the development of vehicular traffic science over the last 35 years. After some historical background, the paper discusses highlights of this work: developing and testing car-following theory, traffic theory for multilane highways, the behavior of traffic in towns, the relationship of trip decisions to traffic-system dynam...
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作者：OREN, SS; SMITH, SA
作者单位：Santa Clara University
摘要：Curtailable electricity service is a voluntary option in which customers receive credits for permitting the utility a certain number of discretionary interruptions per year. This paper describes a methodology that allows an electric utility to design and manage these service offerings to achieve maximal peak load reduction. This methodology was developed in a project jointly sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and New England Electric Service (NEES). A spreadsheet decisio...
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作者：STROUP, JS; WOLLMER, RD
作者单位：California State University System; California State University Long Beach
摘要：This model finds a minimum cost fuel tankering policy for an airline flight schedule based on fuel prices, station constraints and supplier constraints. A station constraint is an upper or lower bound on the amount of fuel that may be purchased at a particular station for all flights. A supplier constraint is an upper or lower bound on the amount of fuel that may be purchased from a particular supplier at all stations. The problem formulates as a linear program. However, if there are no statio...
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作者：AMIOUNY, SV; BARTHOLDI, JJ; VATE, JHV; ZHANG, JX
摘要：We develop a heuristic for a problem motivated by the loading of aircraft or trucks: pack blocks into a bin so that their center-of-gravity is as close as possible to a target point. Our heuristic either produces good solutions or else signals that none is possible. It also works when loading nonhomogeneous blocks into a bin of nonzero and possibly nonhomogeneous mass.
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作者：MICHALOWSKI, W; SZAPIRO, T
摘要：The paper presents an interactive procedure to search the set of nondominated outcomes of a multiple criteria linear programming problem. The procedure requires the decision maker to specify the worst outcome. Then, the ideal outcome is identified, and the improvement direction from the worst to ideal outcomes is constructed. A trail solution is found by moving from a current solution along the improvement direction, while maximizing the step size. For a trial solution, the decision maker is r...
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作者：DENARDO, EV; TANG, CS
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：This paper presents a model of a facility that processes many jobs. Each job requires a sequence of activities. The sequence of activities required by a job is random because each activity ends with a test, and the outcome of that test determines the activity that must be performed next. Evolution from activity to activity is Markovian, i.e., is determined by transition probabilities. A few (e.g., six) different types of job can share this facility, each type having its own transition probabil...
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作者：WHITT, W
摘要：The simulation run length required to achieve desired statistical precision for a sample mean in a steady-state stochastic simulation experiment is largely determined by the asymptotic variance of the sample mean and, to a lesser extent, by the second-order asymptotics of the variance and the asymptotic bias. The asymptotic variance, the second-order asymptotics of the variance, and the asymptotic bias of the sample mean of a function of an ergodic Markov process can be expressed in terms of s...
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作者：GLASSERMAN, P
摘要：Countable-state, continuous-time Markov chains are often analyzed through simulation when simple analytical expressions are unavailable. Simulation is typically used to estimate costs or performance measures associated with the chain and also characteristics like state probabilities and mean passage times. Here we consider the problem of estimating derivatives of these types of quantities with respect to a parameter of the process. In particular, we consider the case where some or all transiti...
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作者：GROTSCHEL, M; MONMA, CL; STOER, M
作者单位：Telcordia Technologies
摘要：We describe a cutting plane approach to the problem of designing survivable fiber optic communication networks. This problem can be formulated as a minimum cost network design problem with certain low-connectivity constraints. Computational results on real-world telephone network design problems demonstrate the effectiveness of our cutting plane method. The facet-inducing inequalities for the convex hull of the solutions to this problem on which our algorithm is based are studied in detail in ...
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作者：BRANDEAU, ML
摘要：We characterize the trajectory of the Stochastic Queue Median (SQM) location problem in a planar region with discrete demands and a general L(p) travel metric (1 < p < infinity). The location objective is to minimize expected response time to customers (i.e., travel time plus queue delay). We use an epsilon-perturbed version of the SQM objective function (to account for points of nondifferentiability) to show that for the epsilon-perturbed problem the optimal SQM location occurs in a region bo...
