-
作者：RONEN, D
摘要：Petroleum products are distributed worldwide from refineries and lube plants to retail outlets and industrial customers. Proper dispatching of shipments of such products, packaged and in bulk, may result in significant transportation and inventory cost savings. This work examines the variety of operational environments which exist in dispatching petroleum products, and the operations research tools used by oil companies to dispatch such products. In addition, it identifies gaps where additiona...
-
作者：KAHN, E
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper is a case study on the role of complex computer simulation models in the regulation of the electricity industry. The analysis focuses on electricity production cost simulation models as they are used to set prices for certain nonutility generators in California. This represents an early part of the trend toward ''markets'' for electric power, and away from pure monopoly supply. The introduction of even limited competition creates conditions both favoring and hindering the reliabilit...
-
作者：EISELT, HA; GENDREAU, M; LAPORTE, G
作者单位：Universite de Montreal
摘要：This is the second half of a two-part survey on arc routing problems. The first part appeared in the March-April 1995 issue of this journal. Here, the rural postman problem (RPP) is reviewed. The paper is organized as follows: applications, the undirected RPP, the directed RPP, the stacker crane problem, and the capacitated arc routing problem.
-
作者：MCDANIELS, TL
摘要：This paper uses multiple objective decision analysis to conduct an ex post analysis of a specific fisheries management decision involving conflicting long-term objectives for mixed stocks. The paper illustrates the potential role of subjective judgment in fisheries and other resource management contexts and the relevance of decision analysis for in-season salmon management. The decision context is first defined in terms of objectives and alternatives, then subjective probability distributions ...
-
作者：BITRAN, GR; MONDSCHEIN, SV
作者单位：Universidad de Chile
摘要：In this paper we study optimal strategies for renting hotel rooms when there is a stochastic and dynamic arrival of customers from different market segments. We formulate the problem as a stochastic and dynamic programming model and characterize the optimal policies as functions of the capacity and the time left until the end of the planning horizon. We consider three features that enrich the problem: we make no assumptions concerning the particular order between the arrivals of different clas...
-
作者：AHMADI, J; AHMADI, R; MATSUO, H; TIRUPATI, D
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This paper considers the problem of positioning component fixtures on the carriers of computer, numerically controlled dual delivery machines used for populating printed circuit boards with surface mounted technology. This reel positioning problem (RPP) is one of a series of optimization problems that are critical for improving system productivity and realizing the full potential of concurrent operations. We formulate the RPP as a mathematical program and establish its complexity. Since the pr...
-
作者：FEDERGRUEN, A; ZHENG, YS
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We consider a production/distribution system represented by a general directed acyclic network. Each node is associated with a specific ''product'' at a given location and/or production stage. An arc (i, j) indicates that item i is used to ''produce'' item j. External demands may occur at any of the network's nodes. These demands occur continuously at item-specific constant rates. Components may be assembled in any given proportions. The cost structure consists of inventory carrying, variable,...
-
作者：WILSON, JG; BENMERZOUGA, A
作者单位：Sultan Qaboos University
摘要：Much research has been performed in finding optimal group replacement policies for production systems consisting of parallel components, where the failure times of the components are independent identically distributed exponential random variables with a common parameter lambda. This paper introduces a class of decision rules that utilizes the statistical information obtained during operation of the components. Two forms of statistical input are allowed. We assume that a prior distribution ove...
-
作者：MULVEY, JM; RUSZCZYNSKI, AJ
作者单位：International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)
摘要：A novel parallel decomposition algorithm is developed for large, multistage stochastic optimization problems. The method decomposes the problem into subproblems that correspond to scenarios. The subproblems are modified by separable quadratic terms to coordinate the scenario solutions. Convergence of the coordination procedure is proven for linear programs. Subproblems are solved using a nonlinear interior point algorithm. The approach adjusts the degree of decomposition to fit the available h...
-
作者：BARNHART, C; HATAY, L; JOHNSON, EL
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：The long-haul crew pairing problem involves the assignment of crews to scheduled flights such that overall costs are minimized and crew availability and work rule restrictions are satisfied. These problems are characterized by international flights that typically do not operate on a daily schedule, resulting in a sparsity of flights and extended periods of inactivity for crews at some stations. To eliminate these extended rest periods and reduce overall costs, it is advantageous in some cases ...
