-
作者：Karanfil, Oezge; Barlas, Yaman
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; Bogazici University
摘要：A dynamic model is built to study the water regulation of human body and related disorders, focusing on the fundamental feedback mechanisms involved in their normal and abnormal physiology. The simulation model is extended to include therapeutic interventions related to the most common body fluid disorder, namely, water intoxication/hyponatremia. The modeling approach is based on system dynamics methodology. Comparisons with experimental and field data show that the model adequately reproduces...
-
作者：Chick, Stephen E.; Mamani, Hamed; Simchi-Levi, David
作者单位：INSEAD Business School; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Annual influenza outbreaks incur great expenses in both human and monetary terms, and billions of dollars are being allocated for influenza pandemic preparedness in an attempt to avert even greater potential losses. Vaccination is a primary weapon for fighting influenza outbreaks. The influenza vaccine supply chain has characteristics that resemble the newsvendor problem but possesses several characteristics that distinguish it from many other supply chains. Differences include a nonlinear val...
-
作者：Patrick, Jonathan; Puterman, Martin L.; Queyranne, Maurice
作者单位：University of Ottawa; University of British Columbia
摘要：We present a method to dynamically schedule patients with different priorities to a diagnostic facility in a public health-care setting. Rather than maximizing revenue, the challenge facing the resource manager is to dynamically allocate available capacity to incoming demand to achieve wait-time targets in a cost-effective manner. We model the scheduling process as a Markov decision process. Because the state space is too large for a direct solution, we solve the equivalent linear program thro...
-
作者：Green, Linda V.; Savin, Sergei
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：Many primary care offices and other medical practices regularly experience long backlogs for appointments. These backlogs are exacerbated by a significant level of last-minute cancellations or no-shows, which have the effect of wasting capacity. In this paper, we conceptualize such an appointment system as a single-server queueing system in which customers who are about to enter service have a state-dependent probability of not being served and may rejoin the queue. We derive stationary distri...
-
作者：Crama, Pascale; De Reyck, Bert; Degraeve, Zeger
作者单位：Singapore Management University; University of London; University College London; University of London; London Business School
摘要：We study how innovators can optimally design licensing contracts when there is incomplete information on the licensee's valuation of the innovation, and limited control over the licensee's development efforts. A licensing contract typically contains an up-front payment, milestone payments at successful completion of a project phase, and royalties on sales. We use principal-agent models to formulate the licensor's contracting problem, and we find that under adverse selection, the optimal contra...
-
作者：Alderson, David L.
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School
摘要：Recent efforts to develop a universal view of complex networks have created both excitement and confusion about the way in which knowledge of network structure can be used to understand, control, or design system behavior. This paper offers perspective on the emerging field of network science in three ways. First, it briefly summarizes the origins, methodological approaches, and most celebrated contributions within this increasingly popular. field. Second, it contrasts the predominant perspect...
-
作者：Mulvey, John M.; Simsek, Koray D.; Zhang, Zhuojuan; Fabozzi, Frank J.; Pauling, William R.
作者单位：Princeton University; Sabanci University; Yale University
摘要：The defined-benefit pension system poses substantial, long-term risks for the U.S. economy. We describe a flexible asset-liability management (ALM) system for pension planning. The primary goals are to improve the performance and survivability of the pension trust. We first employ a stochastic program for enhancing investment strategies in light of company and other goals and pension risk constraints. The results are linked with a policy simulator for further analysis. We illustrate the concep...
-
作者：Sampson, Scott E.
作者单位：Brigham Young University
摘要：This paper reports on an application of network-flow integer programming to a vacation timeshare exchange problem. A typical timeshare owner has purchased yearly access to a specific week at a specific resort. The resulting lack of vacation variety is mitigated by systems that allow owners to exchange owned weeks for different weeks at different resorts according to their preferences, the assessed value of what they are exchanging, their contractual priority, and resort availability. The times...
-
作者：Muharremoglu, Alp; Tsitsiklis, John N.
作者单位：Columbia University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：we show the optimality of state-dependent echelon base-stock policies in uncapacitated serial inventory systems with Markov-modulated demand and Markov-modulated stochastic lead times in the absence of order crossing. Our results cover finite-time horizon problems as well as infinite-time horizon formulations, with either a discounted or an average cost criterion. We employ a novel approach, based on a decomposition of the problem into a series of single-unit single-customer problems that are ...
-
作者：Brotcorne, Luce; Labbe, Martine; Marcotte, Patrice; Savard, Gilles
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Universite Polytechnique Hauts-de-France; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal; Universite de Montreal; Polytechnique Montreal; Universite de Montreal; Polytechnique Montreal
摘要：To optimize revenue, service firms must integrate within their pricing policies the rational reaction of customers to their price schedules. In the airline or telecommunication industry, this process is all the more complex due to interactions resulting from the structure of the supply network. In this paper, we consider a streamlined version of this situation where a firm's decision variables involve both prices and investments. We model this situation as a joint design and pricing problem th...
