-
作者：Boisot, M; Child, J
作者单位：Universitat Ramon Llull; Escuela Superior de Administracion y Direccion de Empresas (ESADE); University of Cambridge
摘要：This paper treats organizations as adaptive systems that have to match the complexity of their environments. The nature of this complexity is analyzed by linking an institutional Information-Space (I-Space) framework to the work of complexity theorists. The I-Space framework identifies the codification, abstraction, and diffusion of information as cultural attributes. Codification involves the assignment of data to categories, thus giving them form. Abstraction involves a reduction in the numb...
-
作者：Lewin, AY
作者单位：Duke University
-
作者：Levinthal, DA; Warglien, M
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Universita Ca Foscari Venezia
摘要：In recent years, the management literature has increasingly emphasized the importance of self-organization and local action in contrast to prior traditions of engineering control and design. While processes of self-organization are quite powerful, they do not negate the possibility of design influences. They do, however, suggest that a new set of design tools or concepts may be useful. We address this issue by considering the problem of landscape design-the tuning of fitness landscapes on whic...
-
作者：Morel, B; Ramanujam, R
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：This paper examines how organization theory can benefit from advances made in the interdisciplinary field of complex systems theory (CST). Complex systems theory is not so much a single theory as a perspective for conceptualizing and modeling dynamic systems. The field of complexity is described in terms of the characteristics of systems that are typically the subject of its study, the type of analytical tools used by researchers in this field, and the recurring paradigms that characterize thi...
-
作者：Sterman, JD; Wittenberg, J
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：What is the relative importance of structural versus contextual forces in the birth and death of scientific theories? We describe a formal dynamic model of the birth, evolution, and death of scientific paradigms based on Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions. The model represents scientific activity as a changing set of coupled institutions; a simulated ecology of interacting paradigms in which the creation of new theories is stochastic and endogenous. The model captures the sociological ...
-
作者：Dooley, KJ; Van de Ven, AH
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Studies of organizational processes can yield observations in the form of event time series that can be analyzed to determine whether they reflect periodic, chaotic, white noise, or pink noise dynamic patterns. These different patterns each imply different underlying generative mechanisms and hence, different process theories. in this paper we present a model that describes how these four dynamical patterns are different from one another. Specifically, a causal system can be characterized by i...
-
作者：Frank, KA; Fahrbach, K
作者单位：Michigan State University
摘要：We define the complex system underlying organizational culture by incorporating the social-psychological principles of balance and information (B-I) into models of influence (changes in attitudes as a function of interaction) and selection (changes in interaction!, We identify information based influence as a potential anchor for actors' sentiments so that they are not overwhelmed by normative influence. In the model of selection, we identify the pursuit of information as an important counterb...
-
作者：Anderson, P; Meyer, A; Eisenhardt, K; Carley, K; Pettigrew, A
作者单位：Dartmouth College; University of Oregon; Stanford University; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Warwick
-
作者：McKelvey, B
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Can firms and coevolutionary groups suffer from too much interdependent complexity? Is complexity theory an alternative explanation to competitive selection for the emergent order apparent in coevolutionary industry groups? The biologist Stewart Kauffman suggests a theory of complexity catastrophe offering universal principles explaining phenomena normally attributed to Darwinian natural selection theory. Kauffman's complexity theory seems to apply equally well to firms in coevolutionary pocke...
-
作者：Cohen, M
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
