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Self-management training for improving job performance: A field experiment involving salespeople

作者：Frayne, CA; Geringer, JM

作者单位：California State University System; California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo

摘要：In a control-group field experiment using a reversal design, 30 insurance salespeople were randomly assigned to an experimental group that received self-management training. A multivariate analysis of variance and subsequent repeated-measures analyses of variance revealed that, compared with a control condition (n = 30), training in self-management skills significantly improved job performance as assessed through both objective and subjective measures. Performance improvement continued with ti...

An examination of the mediating role of psychological empowerment on the relations between the job, interpersonal relationships, and work outcomes

作者：Liden, RC; Wayne, SJ; Sparrowe, RT

作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University System of Ohio; Cleveland State University

摘要：A field investigation of 337 employees and their immediate superiors tested the mediating role of empowerment in relations between job characteristics, leader-member exchange (LMX), team-member exchange (TMX), and work outcomes. The meaning and competence dimensions of empowerment mediated the relation between job characteristics and work satisfaction. The meaning dimension also mediated the relation between job characteristics and organizational commitment. Contrary to prediction, empowerment...

Generalization effects of coping-skills training: Influence of self-defense training on women's efficacy beliefs, assertiveness, and aggression

作者：Weitlauf, JC; Smith, RE; Cervone, D

作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle

摘要：Concern for personal safety is a pervasive stressor for many women. Developing competencies in physical self-defense may empower women to engage more freely in daily activities with less fear. This study assessed the effects of physical self-defense training on multiple aspects of women's perceived self-efficacy and other self-reported personality characteristics. Training powerfully increased task-specific (self-defense) efficacy beliefs as well as physical and global efficacy beliefs. Traini...

Trust in leadership and team performance: Evidence from NCAA basketball

作者：Dirks, KT

作者单位：Simon Fraser University

摘要：This study empirically examined the relationship between trust, leadership, and team performance with 2 objectives. The Ist objective was to empirically examine an assumption found in several literatures-that a team's trust in its leader has a significant effect on the team's performance. The 2nd objective was to explore a more complex and dynamic relationship between trust and team performance whereby trust in leadership mediates the relationship between past tram performance and future team ...

Reactions to two versions of affirmative action among whites, blacks, and Hispanics

作者：Kravitz, DA; Klineberg, SL

作者单位：Rice University; Rice University

摘要：Houston-area Whites (n = 414), Blacks (n = 392), American-born Hispanics (n = 162), and Hispanic immigrants (n = 177) evaluated a self-defined typical affirmative action plan (AAP) and a tiebreak AAP that applies under conditions of equal qualifications and underrepresentation. Whites preferred Tiebreak; Blacks and Hispanics preferred the typical AAP. The groups differed in beliefs about the procedures and fairness of affirmative action (AA), perceptions of workplace discrimination, and politi...

Development of a measure of workplace deviance

作者：Bennett, RJ; Robinson, SL

作者单位：University System of Ohio; University of Toledo; University of British Columbia

摘要：The purpose of this research was to develop broad, theoretically derived measure(s) of deviant behavior in the workplace. Two scales were developed: a 12-item scale of organizational deviance (deviant behaviors directly harmful to the organization) and a 7-item scale of interpersonal deviance (deviant behaviors directly harmful to other individuals within the organization). These scales were found to have internal reliabilities of .81 and .78, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis verifie...

The temporal factor of change in stressor-strain relationships: A growth curve model on a longitudinal study in East Germany

作者：Garst, H; Frese, M; Molenaar, PCM

作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Justus Liebig University Giessen

摘要：Several theoretical models describing how stressor-strain relationships unfold in time (e.g., M. Frese & D. Zapf, 1988) were tested with a longitudinal study, with 6 measurement waves, using multivariate latent growth curve models. The latent growth curve model made it possible to decompose trait and state components of strains and to show that both trait and state components are affected by work stressors. Because East Germany constitutes a high-change environment, it is an appropriate settin...

Interindividual differences in intraindividual changes in proactivity during organizational entry: A latent growth modeling approach to understanding newcomer adaptation

作者：Chan, D; Schmitt, N

作者单位：National University of Singapore; Michigan State University

摘要：Intraindividual change over time is the essence of the change phenomenon hypothesized to occur in the individual newcomer adaptation process. Many important adaptation questions cannot be answered without an adequate conceptualization and assessment of intraindividual change. Using a latent growth modeling approach to data collected from 146 doctoral program newcomers over 4 repeated measurements spaced at 1-month intervals, the authors explicitly modeled interindividual differences in intrain...

The effects of peer review and evidence quality on judge evaluations of psychological science: Are judges effective gatekeepers?

作者：Kovera, MB; McAuliff, BD

作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida International University

摘要：Scientifically trained and untrained judges read descriptions of an expert's research in which the peer review status and internal validity were manipulated. Seventeen percent of the judges said they would admit the expert evidence, irrespective of its internal validity. Publication in a peer-reviewed journal also had no effect on judges' decisions. Training interacted with the internal validity manipulation. Scientifically trained judges rated valid evidence more positively than did untrained...

The nature and outcomes of work: A replication and extension of interdisciplinary work-design research

作者：Edwards, JR; Scully, JA; Brtek, MD

作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Auburn University System; Auburn University Montgomery; Auburn University

摘要：Research into the changing nature of work requires comprehensive models of work design. One such model is the interdisciplinary framework (hl. A. Campion 1988), which integrates 4 work-design approaches (motivational, mechanistic, biological, perceptual-motor) and links each approach to specific outcomes. Unfortunately, studies of this framework have used methods that disregard measurement error, overlook dimensions within each work-design approach, and treat each approach and outcome separate...

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