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作者：Memon, A; Gabbert, F
作者单位：University of Aberdeen
摘要：Eyewitness research has identified sequential lineup testing as a way of reducing false lineup choices while maintaining accurate identifications. The authors examined the usefulness of this procedure for reducing false choices in older adults. Young and senior witnesses viewed a crime video and were later presented with target present or absent lineups in a simultaneous or sequential format. In addition, some participants received prelineup questions about their memory for a perpetrator's fac...
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作者：Shore, LM; Cleveland, JN; Goldberg, CB
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; George Washington University
摘要：Research has shown the importance of employee age relative to coworker age in determining attitudes, performance, and career-related opportunities. The authors used chronological and subjective measures of employee and manager age to determine whether employee age relative to the manager has an impact on these same outcome variables. One hundred eighty-five managers and 290 employees completed surveys. The strongest and most consistent age effects were observed for interactions between employe...
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作者：Kammeyer-Mueller, JD; Wanberg, CR
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：This 4-wave longitudinal study of newcomers in 7 organizations examined preentry knowledge, proactive personality, and socialization influences as antecedents of both proximal (task mastery, role clarity, work group integration, and political knowledge) and distal (organizational commitment, work withdrawal, and turnover) indicators of newcomer adjustment. Results suggest that preentry knowledge, proactive personality, and socialization influences from the organization, supervisors, and cowork...
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作者：Bass, BM; Avolio, BJ; Jung, DI; Berson, Y
作者单位：University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY; California State University System; San Diego State University
摘要：How do leadership ratings collected from units operating under stable conditions predict subsequent performance of those units operating under high stress and uncertainty? To examine this question, the authors calculated the predictive relationships for the transformational and transactional leadership of 72 light infantry rifle platoon leaders for ratings of unit potency, cohesion, and performance for U.S. Army platoons participating in combat simulation exercises. Both transformational and t...
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作者：Ben-Shakhar, G; Elaad, E
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：The authors performed a meta-analysis based on 169 conditions, gathered from 80 laboratory studies, to estimate the validity of the Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) with the electrodermal measure. The overall average effect size was 1.55, but there were considerable variations among studies. In particular, mock-crime studies produced the highest average effect size (2.09). Three additional moderators were identified: Motivational instructions, deceptive (no) verbal responses, and the use of at leas...
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作者：Holladay, CL; Quiñones, MA
作者单位：Rice University; University of Arizona
摘要：Practice variability has been shown to enhance transfer of training. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of self-efficacy generality as a motivational mechanism in explaining the relationship between practice variability and transfer. Undergraduate students (N = 82) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 training conditions (constant or variable) for a computer decision-making task. Measures of self-efficacy (intensity and generality) and transfer (near and far) were assessed: T...
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作者：Shaw, JD; Duffy, MK; Mitra, A; Lockhart, DE; Bowler, M
作者单位：University of Kentucky; University of North Texas System; University of North Texas Denton; University of Northern Iowa
摘要：The relationships among merit pay raises, trait positive, affectivity (PA), and reactions to merit pay increases (pay attitudes and behavioral intentions) were explored in a longitudinal study of hospital employees. Drawing on signal sensitivity theory, the authors expected that PA would moderate the relationship between merit pay raise size and reactions to the increase such that pay raise size would be more strongly related to pay attitudes and behavioral intentions among those low in PA. Re...
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作者：Sonnentag, S
作者单位：Braunschweig University of Technology
摘要：This study examined work-related outcomes of recovery during leisure time. A total of 147 employees completed a questionnaire and a daily survey over a period of 5 consecutive work days. Multilevel analyses showed that day-level recovery was positively related to day-level work engagement and day-level proactive behavior (personal initiative, pursuit of learning) during the subsequent work day. T e data suggest considerable daily fluctuations in behavior and attitudes at work, with evidence th...
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作者：Sprott, DE; Spangenberg, ER; Fisher, R
作者单位：Washington State University; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：Asking people to predict whether they will undertake a target behavior increases their probability of performing that behavior. Now referred to as the self-prophecy effect, this phenomenon has been demonstrated across several contexts. Although theoretical explanations for the effect have been offered, empirical evidence for proposed accounts is sparse. The current research tests the theoretically relevant precondition for the effect that normative beliefs-evaluations of what is socially desir...
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作者：Brooks, ME; Highhouse, S; Russell, SS; Mohr, DC
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Bowling Green State University
摘要：This research questioned the proposition that corporate familiarity is positively associated with firm reputation. Student images of familiar and unfamiliar Fortune 500 corporations were examined in 4 experiments. The results suggested that, consistent with behavioral decision theory and attitude theory, highly familiar corporations provide information that is more compatible with the tasks of both admiring and condemning than less familiar corporations. Furthermore, the judgment context may d...
