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作者：Dunning, JH
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of Reading
摘要：This article first traces the changing world economic scenario for international business over the past two decades, and then goes on to examine its implications for the location of foreign direct investment and multinational enterprise activity. It suggests that many of the explanations of the 1970s and early 1980s need to be modified as firm-specific assets have become mobile across natural boundaries. A final section of the article examines the dynamic interface between the value-added acti...
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作者：Makino, S; Beamish, PW
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Western University (University of Western Ontario); University Western Ontario Hospital
摘要：The international joint venture (JV) literature has focused on two parent JVs formed between one foreign and one local firm. Yet, other types of JVs exist. This paper identifies four distinct forms of JVs based on the JV partners' nationality and equity affiliation. These are (i) JVs that are formed between affiliated home-country based firms; (ii) JVs that are formed between unaffiliated home-country based firms; (iii) JVs that are formed between home-country based and local firms;and (iv) JV...
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作者：Guisinger, U; Brewer, TL
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Georgetown University
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作者：Tinsley, CH; Pillutla, MM
作者单位：Georgetown University; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：We propose that cultural values (self-enhancement, self-trans-cendence, conservatism, and openness to change) provide a social environment where some negotiation strategies are selected to survive over others. These selected negotiation strategies become normative. Results from a negotiation simulation in the United States and Hong Kong indicate that U.S. negotiators are more likely to subscribe to self-interest and joint problem solving norms, and Hong Kong Chinese negotiators are more likely...
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作者：Morris, MW; Williams, KY; Leung, K; Larrick, R; Mendoza, MT; Bhatnagar, D; Li, JF; Kondo, M; Luo, JL; Hu, JC
作者单位：Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Chicago; Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad; Renmin University of China; Asian Institute of Management; Tongji University; Fudan University
摘要：A problem in joint ventures between U.S. and Asian firms is that cultural differences impede the smooth resolution of conflicts between managers. In a survey of young managers in the U.S., China, Philippines, and India we find support for two hypotheses about cultural differences in conflict style and the cultural values that account for these differences: Chinese managers rely more on an avoiding style because of their relatively high value on conformity and tradition. U.S. managers rely more...
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作者：Peng, MW; Ilinitch, AY
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：Building on Leonidou and Katsikeas' (1996) recent review of the export development literature, we identify an important missing link in existing research: the role of export intermediaries as an organizational form connecting domestic manufacturers and foreign buyers. In response, a new research agenda drawing on the transaction cost and resource-based perspectives is advanced. This agenda focuses on why export intermediaries are selected by manufacturers in their channel choice decisions, and...
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作者：George, JM; Jones, GR; Gonzalez, JA
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Mays Business School; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：This paper presents a model of cross-cultural negotiations which describes how the affect negotiators experience during negotiations influences the character of the negotiation process and its outcomes. Three categories of determinants of negotiator affect are proposed: Individual differences, cross-cultural differences, and contextual factors. The ways in which negotiator affect influences information processing during negotiations are then described. It is suggested that the influence of aff...
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作者：Reeb, DN; Kwok, CCY; Baek, HY
作者单位：American University; Worcester Polytechnic Institute; University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：Previous literature suggests that multinational firms decrease their systematic risk owing to the diversification benefit of having cash flows in different countries. It is posited in this article that multinational firms may increase their systematic risk owing to an increase in the standard deviation of cash flows from internationalization, which offsets the lower correlation associated with diversification. Evidence of a significant positive relationship between the level of systematic risk...
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作者：Buckley, PJ; Casson, MC
作者单位：University of Leeds; University of Reading
摘要：A new fully integrated analysis of the foreign market entry decision is presented, encompassing the choice between exporting, licensing, joint venturing and wholly owned foreign investment. The choice between acquisition and greenfield investment is examined, and so too are options based on subcontracting and franchising. The model extends the insights of-internalization theory, and draws on concepts from the economics of industrial organization. A special feature of the model is the distincti...
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作者：Miller, SR; Parkhe, A
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; IU Kelley School of Business
摘要：Combining foreign direct investment theory with data on 32 countries from the Federal Reserve Board, we examined U.S. banks' patterns of foreign operations, including their levels of banking services and choice of organizational forms in host countries. Results generally supported predictions, but only in developed countries. The lack of support in rapidly growing markets of Asia and Latin America raises serious theoretical concerns, and presents fresh research opportunities into the global ba...
