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作者：Campbell, Joanna Tochman; Eden, Lorraine; Miller, Stewart R.
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Mays Business School; University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio
摘要：Prior studies have found that foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises (MNEs) suffer from liability of foreignness (LOF). Foreign affiliates may be able to improve their social legitimacy and overcome LOF by demonstrating social commitment to host-country constituents through corporate social responsibility (CSR). If LOF is positively related to the distance between the home and host countries, and CSR activities confer social legitimacy benefits on foreign affiliates, we should expect ...
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作者：Zaheer, Srilata; Schomaker, Margaret Spring; Nachum, Lilach
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Laval University; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Baruch College (CUNY)
摘要：In this commentary we build on Shenkar's (2001) award-winning critique of cultural distance, arguing that most distance constructs, in fact, suffer the same flaws because they oversimplify the relationship between countries, overlook their subjective and context-specific nature, and pay insufficient attention to the mechanisms through which distance operates. The idea of distance, however, has intrinsic value. Moreover, its considerable appeal and undeniable effectiveness have made it a well-e...
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作者：Phene, Anupama; Tallman, Stephen
作者单位：George Washington University; University of Richmond
摘要：This study explores the effect of coordination needs on alliance governance. We examine coordination needs that arise as a consequence of the characteristics and the context of the alliance. We posit that alliance characteristics and contextual factors influence alliance form and equity investment levels. We evaluate the effects of the complexity of technology transfer and strategic complexity of the alliance. We also study contextual factors, represented by the distance between the intellectu...
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作者：Salk, Jane
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Papers challenging institutionalized fields to change are rare, and those not extinguished by neglect are rarer. Shenkar understands his target audience. Those in that target community of IB scholars studying cultural distance's (CD) associations with foreign direct investment (FDI) might read this paper as relatively radical. Culture scholars sometimes interpret the discussion of cultural friction (CF) as competing with, even slighting by omission, their corpus of work on contact and interact...
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作者：Anokhin, Sergey; Wincent, Joakim
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Kent State University; Kent State University Kent; Kent State University Salem; Lulea University of Technology
摘要：Despite the widespread assumptions of the positive relationship between start-up rates and innovation, the empirical support for this conjecture in the crosscountry context is largely lacking. We draw upon recent advances in the entrepreneurship literature to propose that the relationship between start-up rates and innovation is not uniformly positive, as expected by the early scholars of entrepreneurship, but instead depends on the country's stage of development. The relationship is positive ...
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作者：Shenkar, Oded
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Cultural distance is a widely used construct in international business, where it has been applied to foreign investment expansion, entry mode choice, and the performance of foreign invested affiliates, among others. The present paper presents a critical review of the cultural distance construct, outlining its hidden assumptions and challenging its theoretical and methodological properties. A comprehensive framework for the treatment of the construct is developed and concrete steps aimed at enh...
