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作者：ZAJAC, EJ; WESTPHAL, JD
摘要：While current debates about CEO compensation have generally been dominated by economic and political perspectives on CEO/board relations, we argue in this paper that CEO compensation may be driven by symbolic as well as substantive considerations. We develop an interdisciplinary theoretical framework to (1) explain why alternative explanations rooted in agency and human resource logics may be used to reduce ambiguity surrounding the adoption of new incentive plans for CEOs and (2) identify the...
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作者：KRACKHARDT, D
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作者：SUTTON, RI; STAW, BM
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This essay describes differences between papers that contain some theory rather than no theory. There is little agreement about what constitutes strong versus weak theory in the social sciences, but there is more consensus that references, data, variables, diagrams, and hypotheses are not theory. Despite this consensus, however, authors routinely use these five elements in lieu of theory. We explain how each of these five elements can be confused with theory and how to avoid such confusion. By...
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作者：Gulati, R
摘要：This study explores how social structure affects interfirm alliance formation patterns. It proposes that the social context emerging from prior alliances and considerations of strategic interdependence influence partnership decisions between firms. This social network facilitates new alliances by providing valuable information to firms about the specific capabilities and reliability of potential partners. The role of both direct ties between firms and their overall networks were examined with ...
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作者：STAW, BM; HOANG, H
摘要：This study represents one of the first quantitative field tests of the sunk-cost effect. We tested whether the amount teams spent for players in the National Basketball Association (NEA) influenced how much playing time players got and how long they stayed with NEA franchises. Sunk costs were operationalized by the order in which players were selected in the college draft. Draft order was then used to predict playing time, being traded, and survival in the NEA. Although one might logically exp...
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作者：HACKMAN, JR; WAGEMAN, R
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：In recent years, total quality management (TOM) has become something of a social movement in the United States. This commentary returns to the writings of the movement's founders-W. Edwards Deming, Joseph Juran, and Kaoru Ishikawa-to assess the coherence, distinctiveness, and likely perseverance of this provocative management philosophy. We identify a number of gaps in what is known about TQM processes and outcomes and explore the congruence between TOM practices and behavioral science knowled...
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作者：Haveman, HA
摘要：In this paper, I develop and test an ecological model of the antecedents of organizational demography, focusing on the aspect of organizational demography that has been linked most strongly to individual and organizational outcomes: tenure distributions. I propose that organizational ecology, the context within which organizations operate and the dynamics of that context, influences rates of organizational turnover and thereby affects organizations' tenure distributions. Organizational foundin...
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作者：WESTPHAL, JD; ZAJAC, EJ
摘要：This study examines CEO influence in the board of director selection process and the theoretical mechanism by which CEO influence is presumed to affect subsequent board decision making on CEO compensation. We address both of these issues by linking political and social psychological perspectives on organizational governance. We propose that powerful CEOs seek to appoint new board members who are demographically similar, and therefore more sympathetic, to them, Using a longitudinal research des...
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作者：PORAC, JF; THOMAS, H; WILSON, F; PATON, D; KANFER, A
作者单位：University of St Andrews; Curtin University
摘要：In this paper we argue that market boundaries are socially constructed around a collective cognitive model that summarizes typical organizational forms within an industry. This model is produced when firms observe each other's actions and define unique product positions in relation to each other. Our study examines the question of how firms define a reference group of rivals when market cues are ambiguous and interorganizational variety is high and identifies the industry model underlying riva...
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作者：PROVAN, KG; MILWARD, HB
作者单位：University of Arizona
摘要：This paper presents the results of a comparative study of interorganizational networks, or systems, of mental health delivery in four U.S. cities, leading to a preliminary theory of network effectiveness. Extensive data were collected from surveys, interviews, documents, and observations. Network effectiveness was assessed by collecting and aggregating data on outcomes from samples of clients, their families, and their case managers at each site. Results of analyses of both quantitative and qu...
