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作者：Fragale, Alison R.; Sumanth, John J.; Tiedens, Larissa Z.; Northcraft, Gregory B.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Southern Methodist University; Stanford University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Using archival data on a year of e-mail exchanges at a division of Enron (Study 1) and a field study of management professionals (Study 2), we explore how the relative hierarchical rank of a message sender and a message recipient affects expressions of verbal deference in organizational e-mail communication. Verbal deference refers to linguistic markers that convey a willingness to yield to another's preferences or opinions as a sign of respect or reverence. Although prior research has focused...
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作者：Briscoe, Forrest; Murphy, Chad
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：We examine the role of a practice's opacity (versus transparency) in the interorganizational diffusion of organizational practices. Though the opacity of a practice is typically thought to impede diffusion, a political-cultural approach to institutions suggests that opacity can sometimes play a positive role. Given that adoption decisions are embedded in a web of conflicting interests, transparency may bring negative attention that, when observed by prospective adopters, inhibits them from fol...
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作者：Liu, Leigh Anne; Friedman, Ray; Barry, Bruce; Gelfand, Michele J.; Zhang, Zhi-Xue
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Vanderbilt University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Peking University
摘要：This research examines the dynamics of consensus building in intracultural and intercultural negotiations achieved through the convergence of mental models between negotiators. Working from a dynamic constructivist view, according to which the effects of culture are socially and contextually contingent, we theorize and show in two studies of U. S. and Chinese negotiators that while consensus might be generally easier to achieve in intracultural negotiation settings than intercultural settings,...
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作者：Levine, Sheen S.
作者单位：Columbia University
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作者：Rao, Hayagreeva; Dutta, Sunasir
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Free spaces are arenas insulated from the control of elites in organizations and societies. A basic question is whether they incubate challenges to authority. We suggest that free spaces foster collective empowerment when they assemble large numbers of people, arouse intense emotion, trigger collective identities, and enable individuals to engage in costly collective action. We analyze challenges to authority that invite repression: mutinies of regiments in the East India Company's Bengal Nati...
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作者：Kacperczyk, Aleksandra J.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This study revisits the well-established notion that large and mature organizations stifle an employee's ability and motivation to become an entrepreneur. Using unique data on U.S. mutual funds founded between 1979 and 2005, I examine whether large and mature firms, which are typically associated with lower individual rates of entrepreneurship, are also associated with lower individual rates of intrapreneurship. The findings show that, though employees in large and mature organizations are les...
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作者：Willer, Robb; Flynn, Francis J.; Zak, Sonya
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stanford University
摘要：Here we propose an account of the link between exchange structure and the emergence of solidarity capable of accounting for the conflicting evidence social scientists have found regarding the relationship between social exchange structures and the emergence of intangible, effectively laden group sentiments. We argue that benefits received through exchange foster group identification and solidarity but that this effect is stronger in generalized exchange systems-in which giving and receiving of...
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作者：Eggers, J. P.
作者单位：New York University
摘要：This study theorizes about the behavioral and knowledge creation implications of betting on the losing technology in a competing technology situation and focuses on three main outcomes. First, in a situation with competing technological options, firms that invest initially in the losing technology will be less successful subsequently in building new knowledge in the winning technology because their experience with failure will lead them to update their expectations of the industry and choose t...
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作者：Westphal, James D.; Park, Sun Hyun; McDonald, Michael L.; Hayward, Mathew L. A.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Southern California; University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：In this study, we examine the determinants and consequences of impression management (IM) support in communications between CEOs and journalists, whereby CEOs of other firms provide positive statements about a focal CEO's leadership and strategy and/or external attributions for low performance at the focal CEO's firm. Drawing from social exchange theory, our theoretical perspective suggests how IM support may result from norms of reciprocity among corporate leaders. We consider the potential f...
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作者：Gardner, Heidi K.
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：In this paper, I develop and empirically test the proposition that performance pressure acts as a double-edged sword for teams, providing positive effects by enhancing the team's motivation to achieve good results while simultaneously triggering process losses. I conducted a multimethod field study of 78 audit and consulting teams from two global professional firms, revealing an irony of team life: even though motivated to perform well on a high-stakes project, pressured teams are more likely ...
