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作者：Bushong, Benjamin; King, Lindsay M.; Camerer, Colin F.; Rangel, Antonio
作者单位：California Institute of Technology
摘要：This paper describes a series of laboratory experiments studying whether the form in which items are displayed at the time of decision affects the dollar value that subjects place on them. Using a Becker-DeGroot auction under three different conditions-(i) text displays, (ii) image displays, and (iii) displays of the actual items-we find that subjects' willingness-to-pay is 40-61 percent larger in the real than in the image and text displays. Furthermore, follow-up experiments suggest the pres...
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作者：Benjamin, Daniel J.; Choi, James J.; Strickland, A. Joshua
作者单位：Cornell University; Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者：Correia, Isabel
作者单位：Banco de Portugal
摘要：This study considers replacing the current US tax system with only a flat tax consumption tax, showing, in contrast to the literature, that such a reform leads to a decline in inequality and increase in welfare for the welfare-poor. The results are obtained from a simple model that identifies the main channels through which the reform affects the economy. It is shown also that these novel results depend on the distribution of wealth and earnings, and that they hold for the relevant empirical d...
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作者：Galeotti, Andrea; Goyal, Sanjeev
作者单位：University of Essex; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge
摘要：Empirical work shows that a large majority of individuals get most of their information from a very small subset of the group, viz., the influencers; moreover, there exist only minor differences between the observable characteristics of the influencers and the others. We refer to these empirical findings as the Law of the Few. This paper develops a model where players personally acquire information and form connections with others to access their information. Every (robust) equilibrium of this...
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作者：Chen, Yan; Harper, F. Maxwell; Konstan, Joseph; Li, Sherry Xin
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
摘要：We design a field experiment to explore the use of social comparison to increase contributions to an online community. We find that, after receiving behavioral information about the median user's total number of movie ratings, users below the median demonstrate a 530 percent increase in the number of monthly movie ratings, while those above the median decrease their ratings by 62 percent. When given outcome information about the average user's net benefit score, above-average users mainly enga...
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作者：Low, Hamish; Meghir, Costas; Pistaferri, Luigi
作者单位：University of London; University College London; Yale University; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We specify a life-cycle model of consumption, labor supply and job mobility in an economy with search frictions. We distinguish different sources of risk, including shocks to productivity, job arrival, and job destruction. Allowing for job mobility has a large effect on the estimate of productivity risk. Increases in the latter impose a considerable welfare loss. Increases in employment risk have large effects on output and, primarily through this channel, affect welfare. The welfare value of ...
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作者：Weyl, E. Glen
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：I develop a general theory of monopoly pricing of networks. Platforms use insulating tariffs to avoid coordination failure, implementing any desired allocation. Profit maximization distorts in the spirit of A. Michael Spence (1975) by internalizing only network externalities to marginal users. Thus the empirical and prescriptive content of the popular Jean-Charles Rochet and Jean Tirole (2006) model of two-sided markets turns on the nature of user heterogeneity. I propose a more plausible, yet...
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作者：Alger, Ingela; Weibull, Jorgen W.
作者单位：Carleton University; Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：We analyze how family ties affect incentives, with focus on the strategic interaction between two mutually altruistic siblings. The siblings exert effort to produce output under uncertainty, and they may transfer output to each other. With equally altruistic siblings, their equilibrium effort is nonmonotonic in the common degree of altruism, and it depends on the harshness of the environment. We define a notion of local evolutionary stability of degrees of sibling altruism and show that this d...
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作者：Greenwood, Jeremy; Sanchez, Juan M.; Wang, Cheng
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Richmond; Fudan University; Iowa State University
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作者：Baron, David P.
作者单位：Stanford University; Northwestern University
摘要：Self-regulation is the private provision of public goods and private redistribution. This paper examines the scope of self-regulation motivated by altruistic moral preferences that are reciprocal and stronger the closer are citizens in a socioeconomic distance. The focus is on the role of organizations in increasing self-regulation by mitigating free-rider problems. Social label and certification organizations can expand the scope of self-regulation but not beyond that with unconditional altru...
