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作者：Cosar, A. Kerem; Guner, Nezih; Tybout, James
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; Autonomous University of Barcelona; ICREA; Barcelona School of Economics; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper explores the combined effects of reductions in trade frictions, tariffs, and firing costs on firm dynamics, job turnover, and wage distributions. It uses establishment-level data from Colombia to estimate an open economy dynamic model that links trade to job flows and wages. Counterfactual experiments imply that Colombia's integration with global product markets increased its national income at the expense of higher unemployment, greater wage inequality, and increased firm-level vol...
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作者：Feldman, Naomi E.; Katuscak, Peter; Kawano, Laura
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Prague University of Economics & Business; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; United States Department of the Treasury
摘要：We develop an empirical test for whether households understand or misperceive their marginal tax rate. Our identifying variation comes from the loss of the Child Tax Credit when a child turns 17. Using this age discontinuity, we find that despite this tax liability increase being lump-sum and predictable, households reduce their reported wage income upon discovering they have lost the credit. This finding suggests that households misinterpret at least part of this tax liability change as an in...
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作者：Deming, David J.; Yuchtman, Noam; Abulafi, Amira; Goldin, Claudia; Katz, Lawrence F.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：We study employers' perceptions of the value of postsecondary degrees using a field experiment. We randomly assign the sector and selectivity of institutions to fictitious resumes and apply to real vacancy postings for business and health jobs on a large online job board. We find that a business bachelor's degree from a for-profit online institution is 22 percent less likely to receive a callback than one from a nonselective public institution. In applications to health jobs, we find that for-...
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作者：Brock, J. Michelle; Lange, Andreas; Ozbay, Erkut Y.
作者单位：European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; University of Hamburg; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：In Brock, Lange, and Ozbay (2013), we experimentally investigate social preferences under risk. One of our conclusions is that a social preference model incorporating both ex ante and ex post fairness concerns may best describe behavior. Krawczyk and Le Lec (2016) argue that ex ante comparisons alone may account for our data. We address their points in this reply.
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作者：Arcidiacono, Peter; Aucejo, Esteban M.; Hotz, V. Joseph
作者单位：Duke University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We examine differences in minority science graduation rates among University of California campuses when racial preferences were in place. Less prepared minorities at higher ranked campuses had lower persistence rates in science and took longer to graduate. We estimate a model of students' college major choice where net returns of a science major differ across campuses and student preparation. We find less prepared minority students at top ranked campuses would have higher science graduation r...
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作者：Eliaz, Kfir; Spiegler, Ran
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of London; University College London
摘要：We study decentralized mechanisms for allocating firms into search pools. The pools are created in response to noisy preference signals provided by consumers, who then browse the pools via costly random sequential search. Surplus-maximizing search pools are implementable in symmetric Nash equilibrium. Full extraction of the maximal surplus is implementable if and only if the distribution of consumer types satisfies a set of simple inequalities, which involve the relative fractions of consumers...
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作者：Blum, Bernardo S.; Claro, Sebastian; Horstmann, Ignatius J.
作者单位：University of Toronto; Central Bank of Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
摘要：We show that the Armenter and Koren model's firm-product-country results rely on the assumption that export shipment size is independent of firm size, and this assumption is contradicted by the data. When actual shipment sizes are used in the balls-and-bins model, it cannot reproduce the data on single product/single country exporters. Beyond just showing that the shipment size assumption matters to balls-and-bins outcomes, our results highlight the important fact that shipment size is an econ...
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作者：Armenter, Roc; Koren, Miklos
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia; Central European University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Blum, Claro, and Horstmann (2016) make two statements about the balls-and-bins model of Armenter and Koren (2014). First, that using firm-level shipment data changes some of our results. Second, that the balls-and-bins model is not an appropriate statistical method. We respond to the first statement and argue that the second statement is unfounded and unrelated to the first. Indeed, the work of Blum, Claro, and Horstmann (2016) is a perfect example of how to use balls-and-bins in a rich datase...
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作者：Collin-Dufresne, Pierre; Johannes, Michael; Lochstoer, Lars A.
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Finance Institute (SFI); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Columbia University
摘要：Parameter learning strongly amplifies the impact of macroeconomic shocks on marginal utility when the representative agent has a preference for early resolution of uncertainty. This occurs as rational belief updating generates subjective long-run consumption risks. We consider general equilibrium models with unknown parameters governing either long-run economic growth, rare events, or model selection. Overall, parameter learning generates long-lasting, quantitatively significant additional mac...
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作者：Diamond, Rebecca
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：From 1980 to 2000, the rise in the US college/high school graduate wage gap coincided with increased geographic sorting as college graduates concentrated in high wage, high rent cities. This paper estimates a structural spatial equilibrium model to determine causes and welfare consequences of this increased skill sorting. While local labor demand changes fundamentally caused the increased skill sorting, it was further fueled by endogenous increases in amenities within higher skill cities. Chan...
