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作者：Hendricks, K; Piccione, M; Tan, GF
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Southampton; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：We study a model in which two carriers choose networks to connect cities and compete for customers. We show that if carriers compete aggressively (e.g., Bertrand-like behavior), one carrier operating a single hub-spoke network is an equilibrium outcome. Competing hub-spoke networks are not an equilibrium outcome, although duopoly equilibria in nonhub networks can exist. If carriers do not compete aggressively, an equilibrium with competing hub-spoke networks exists as long as the number of cit...
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作者：Wooldridge, JM
作者单位：Michigan State University
摘要：I provide a systematic treatment of the asymptotic properties of weighted M-estimators under variable probability stratified sampling. The characterization of the sampling scheme and representation of the objective function allow for a straightforward analysis. Simple, consistent asymptotic variance matrix estimators are proposed for a large class of problems. When stratification is based on exogenous variables, I show that the unweighted M-estimator is more efficient than the weighted estimat...
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作者：Chiappori, PA; Ekeland, I
作者单位：University of Chicago; Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine
摘要：We analyze under which conditions a given vector field can be disaggregated as a linear combination of gradients. This problem is typical of aggregation theory, as illustrated by the literature on the characterization of aggregate market demand and excess demand. We argue that exterior differential calculus provides very useful tools to address these problems. In particular, we show, using these techniques, that any analytic mapping in R-n satisfying Walras Law can be locally decomposed as the...
