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作者：Coyne, David; Fadlon, Itzik; Ramnath, Shanthi P.; Tong, Patricia K.
作者单位：United States Department of the Treasury; University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; RAND Corporation
摘要：We combine quasi -experimental variation in spousal death and age eligibility for survivors benefits using US tax records to study the effects on American households' labor supply and the design of social security's survivors insurance. Benefit eligibility at the exact age of 60 induces sharp reductions in the labor supply of newly widowed households , highlighting the value of survivors benefits and the liquidity they provide following the shock. Among eligible widows , the spousal death even...
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作者：Barwick, Panle Jia; Li, Shanjun; Lin, Liguo; Zou, Eric Yongchen
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; National Bureau of Economic Research; National Bureau of Economic Research; Cornell University; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：In 2013 , China launched a landmark program to monitor air quality and disclose real-time data , significantly increasing the public's access to and awareness of pollution information. The program triggered cascading behavioral changes such as stronger avoidance of outdoor pollution exposure and increased spending on protective products. These behavioral responses mitigated the mortality impact of air pollution. Conservative estimates indicate that the program's health benefits outweigh the co...
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作者：Bergman, Peter; Chetty, Raj; Deluca, Stefanie; Hendren, Nathaniel; Katz, Lawrence f.; Palmer, Christopher
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; Johns Hopkins University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Low-income families often live in low -upward -mobility neighborhoods. We study why by using a randomized trial with housing voucher recipients that provided information, financial support, and customized search assistance to move to high -opportunity neighborhoods. The treatment increased the fraction moving to high -upward -mobility areas from 15 to 53 percent. A second trial reveals this treatment effect is driven primarily by customized search assistance. Qualitative interviews show that t...
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作者：Jones, Benjamin F.; Liu, Xiaojie
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Technological advance is often embodied in capital inputs , like computers , airplanes , and robots. This paper builds a framework where capital inputs advance through ( i ) increased automation and ( ii ) increased productivity. The interplay of these two innovation dimensions can produce balanced growth , satisfying the Uzawa Growth Theorem even though technological progress is capital -embodied. The framework can further address structural transformation , general-purpose technologies , the...
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作者：Bayer, Christian; Born, Benjamin; Luetticke, Ralph
作者单位：University of Bonn; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Frankfurt School Finance & Management; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
摘要：We show how a heterogeneous agent New Keynesian ( HANK ) model with incomplete markets and portfolio choice can be estimated in state space using a Bayesian approach. To render estimation feasible , the structure of the economy can be exploited and the dimensionality of the model automatically reduced based on the Bayesian priors. We apply this approach to analyze how much inequality matters for the business cycle and vice versa. Even when the model is estimated on aggregate data alone and wit...
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作者：Franklin, Simon; Imbert, Clement; Abebe, Girum; Media-mantilla, Carolina
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of Warwick; The World Bank
摘要：This paper evaluates a large urban public works program randomly rolled out across neighborhoods of Addis Ababa , Ethiopia. We find the program increased public employment and reduced private labor supply among beneficiaries and improved local amenities in treated locations. We then combine a spatial equilibrium model and unique commuting data to estimate the spillover effects of the program on private sector wages across neighborhoods: under full program rollout , wages increased by 18.6 perc...
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作者：Riley, Emma
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：I examine whether changing the form of disbursement of a microfinance loan enables female microfinance borrowers to overcome intra-household sharing pressure and grow their businesses. Using a field experiment with 3,000 borrowers in Uganda , I compare the disbursement of a loan as cash to disbursement onto a digital account. After 8 months , women who received their microfinance loan on the digital account had 11 percent higher ( US$70 ) business capital and 15 percent higher ( US$18 ) profit...
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作者：Cattaneo, Matias d.; Crump, Richard k.; Farrell, Max h.; Feng, Yingjie
作者单位：Princeton University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Tsinghua University
摘要：Binscatter is a popular method for visualizing bivariate relationships and conducting informal specification testing. We study the properties of this method formally and develop enhanced visualization and econometric binscatter tools. These include estimating conditional means with optimal binning and quantifying uncertainty. We also highlight a methodological problem related to covariate adjustment that can yield incorrect conclusions. We revisit two applications using our methodology and fin...
