-
作者：Stanton, Christopher T.; Thomas, Catherine
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Online labor platforms for short-term remote work have many more job seekers than available jobs. Despite their relative abundance, workers capture a substantial share of the surplus from transactions. We draw this conclusion from demand estimates that imply workers' wages include significant markups over costs and a survey that validates our surplus estimates. Workers retain a significant share of the surplus because demand-side search frictions and worker differentiation reduce direct compet...
-
作者：Levy, Gilat; Razin, Ronny
摘要：This paper investigates the effect of voters' short-term memory on political outcomes by considering politics as a collective learning process. We find that short-term memory may lead to cycles of polarization and consensus across parties' platforms. Following periods of party consensus, short-term memory implies that there is little variation in voters' data and therefore limited information about the true state of the world. This in turn allows parties to further their own interests and henc...
-
作者：Chopra, Felix; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
作者单位：IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Frankfurt School Finance & Management; University of Cologne; University of Cologne
摘要：We conduct afield experiment with US households to study how expectations about long-run home price growth shape spending decisions. We exogenously vary survey respondents' expectations by providing different expert forecasts. Homeowners' spending, measured using rich home-scanner data, is inelastic to home price expectations. By contrast, renters reduce their spending when expecting higher home price growth. These patterns reflect positive wealth effects for owners from higher future wealth a...
-
作者：Kroft, Kory; Luo, Yao; Mogstad, Magne; Setzler, Bradley
作者单位：University of Toronto; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Statistics Norway; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：We develop, identify, and estimate a model of imperfect competition in both labor and product markets. Our context is the US construction industry, where firms compete for workers, private market projects, and government procurements. Our empirical approach leverages bidding data from procurement auctions linked to employer-employee tax records. We find imperfect competition in both markets generates a total wage markdown of more than 30 percent and a total price markup of around 45 percent. B...
-
作者：Koffi, Marlene
作者单位：University of Toronto; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper analyzes recognition of women's innovative ideas compared to men's using bibliometric data in economics, mathematics, and sociology. I establish similarities between papers to construct relevant counterfactual citations. On average, all-female papers receive 10 percent fewer citations than all-male papers, a disparity reduced by 40 percent when considering team sizes and disappearing in most fields with authors' publication records. Additionally, strong in-group preferences emerge: ...
-
作者：Aguirregabiria, Victor; Clark, Robert; Wang, Hui
作者单位：University of Toronto; Queens University - Canada; Peking University
摘要：Geographic dispersion of depositors, borrowers, and banks may prevent funding from flowing to high-loan-demand areas, limiting credit access. Using bank-county-year-level data, we provide evidence of geographic imbalance of deposits and loans and develop a methodology for investigating the contribution to this imbalance of branch networks, market power, and scope economies. Results are based on a novel measure of imbalance and estimation of a structural model of bank competition that admits in...
-
作者：Truffa, Francesca; Wong, Ashley
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Tilburg University
摘要：Can diversity lead to greater research focus on populations underrepresented in science? Between 1960 and 1990, 76 all-male US universities transitioned to coeducation. Using a generalized difference-in-differences design, we find that coeducation led to a 44 percent increase in gender-related research publications. This increase is driven by research focused on female subjects and gender differences. While coeducation led to a compositional shift with more women and researchers interested in ...
-
作者：Haddad, Valentin; Huebner, Paul; Loualiche, Erik
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stockholm School of Economics; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：The conventional wisdom in finance is that competition is fierce among investors: if a group changes its behavior, others adjust their strategies such that nothing happens to prices. We estimate a demand system with flexible strategic responses for institutional investors in the US stock market. When less aggressive traders surround an investor, she adjusts by trading more aggressively. However, this strategic reaction only counteracts two-thirds of the impact of the initial change in behavior...
-
作者：Balboni, Clare
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Coasts contain a disproportionate share of the world's population, reflecting historical advantages, but environmental change threatens a reversal of coastal fortune in the coming decades as natural disasters intensify and sea levels rise. This paper considers whether large infrastructure investments should continue to favor coastal areas. I estimate a dynamic spatial equilibrium framework using detailed geo-referenced data on road investments in Vietnam from 2000 to 2010 and find evidence tha...
-
作者：Di Tella, Rafael; Kotti, Randy; Le Pennec, Caroline; Pons, Vincent
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We study changes in political discourse during campaigns, using a novel dataset of candidate websites for US House elections, 2002-2016, and manifestos for French parliamentary and local elections, 1958-2022. We find that candidates move to the center in ideology and rhetorical complexity between the first round (or primary) and the second round (or general election). This convergence reflects candidates' strategic adjustment to their opponents, as predicted by Downsian competition: Using an R...
