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作者：Adda, Jerome; Dustmann, Christian; Stevens, Katrien
作者单位：Bocconi University; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of Sydney
摘要：We estimate a dynamic life cycle model of labor supply, fertility, and savings, incorporating occupational choices, with specific wage paths and skill atrophy that vary over the career. This allows us to understand the trade-off between occupational choice and desired fertility, as well as sorting both into the labor market and across occupations. We quantify the life cycle career costs associated with children, how they decompose into loss of skills during interruptions, lost earnings opportu...
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作者：Satyanath, Shanker; Voigtlander, Nico; Voth, Hans-Joachim
作者单位：New York University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Zurich
摘要：Using newly collected data on association density in 229 towns and cities in interwar Germany, we show that denser social networks were associated with faster entry into the Nazi Party. The effect is large: one standard deviation higher association density is associated with at least 15 percent faster Nazi Party entry. Party membership, in turn, predicts electoral success. Social networks thus aided the rise of the Nazis that destroyed Germany's first democracy. The effects of social capital d...
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作者：Shah, Manisha; Steinberg, Bryce Millett
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Brown University
摘要：Higher wages are generally thought to increase human capital production, particularly in the developing world. We introduce a simple model of human capital production in which investments and time allocation differ by age. Using data on test scores and schooling from rural India, we show that higher wages increase human capital investment in early life (in utero to age 2) but decrease human capital from age 5 to 16. Children switch out of school into productive work when rainfall is higher. Th...
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作者：Cantoni, Davide; Chen, Yuyu; Yang, David Y.; Yuchtman, Noam; Zhang, Y. Jane
作者单位：University of Munich; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Peking University; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：We study the causal effect of school curricula on students' political attitudes, exploiting a major textbook reform in China between 2004 and 2010. The sharp, staggered introduction of the new curriculum across provinces allows us to identify its causal effects. We examine government documents articulating desired consequences of the reform and identify changes in textbooks reflecting these aims. A survey we conducted reveals that the reform was often successful in shaping attitudes, while evi...
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作者：Chevalier, Arnaud; Marie, Olivier
作者单位：University of London; Royal Holloway University London; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Maastricht University; Tinbergen Institute; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：After the fall of the Berlin Wall, East Germany experienced an unprecedented temporary drop in fertility driven by economic uncertainty. We show that the children born during this transition period performed worse on a range of educational outcomes from an early age onward. The mothers of these children exhibit personal characteristics and family structures consistent with negative parental selection. Investigating the underlying mechanisms reveals that parental educational input and emotional...
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作者：Solis, Alex
作者单位：Uppsala University
摘要：Does access to credit explain the gap in schooling attainment between children from richer and poorer families? I present new evidence on this important question based on the causal effects of two college loan programs in Chile that are available to students scoring above a threshold on the national college admission test, enabling a regression discontinuity design. I find that credit access leads to a 100 percent increase in immediate college enrollment and a 50 percent increase in the probab...
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作者：Lusardi, Annamaria; Michaud, Pierre-Carl; Mitchell, Olivia S.
作者单位：George Washington University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; RAND Corporation; Rand Health; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We show that financial knowledge is a key determinant of wealth inequality in a stochastic life cycle model with endogenous financial knowledge accumulation, where financial knowledge enables individuals to better allocate lifetime resources in a world of uncertainty and imperfect insurance. Moreover, because of how the US social insurance system works, better-educated individuals have most to gain from investing in financial knowledge. Our parsimonious specification generates substantial weal...
