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作者：La Porta, R; López-De-Silanes, F
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Critics of privatization argue that the increased profitability of privatized companies comes at the expense of society. Using data from 97 percent of those nonfinancial firms privatized in Mexico during the period 1983-1991, we study two channels for social losses: (1) increased prices, and (2) layoffs and lower wages. Privatization is followed by a 24-percentage-point increase in the mean ratio of operating income to sales as firms catch up with industry-matched control groups. We estimate t...
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作者：Perotti, R
作者单位：Columbia University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：In the 1980s several countries with large government debt or deficit implemented substantial, and in some cases drastic, deficit cuts. Contrary to widespread expectations, in many cases private consumption boomed rather than contracted. This paper shows that in times of fiscal stress'' shocks to government revenues and, especially, expenditure have very different effects on private consumption than in normal'' times.
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作者：Hamermesh, DS
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Among U.S. industries where earnings rose relatively from 1979-1995, injury rates declined relatively. Obversely, during the 1960s narrowing interindustry wage differentials were associated with an increase in the relative risk of injury in high-wage industries. Evidence from the NLSY suggests similar results among full-time workers between 1988 and 1996. Between 1973 and 1991 the disamenity of evening/night work was increasingly borne by low-wage male workers. Changing earnings inequality has...
