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作者：Benabou, Roland; Tirole, Jean
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：International surveys reveal wide differences between the views held in different countries concerning the causes of wealth or poverty and the extent to which people are responsible for their own fate. At the same time, social ethnographies and experiments by psychologists demonstrate individuals' recurrent struggle with cognitive dissonance as they seek to maintain, and pass on to their children, a view of the world where effort ultimately pays off and everyone gets their just desserts. This ...
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作者：Bedard, Kelly; Dhuey, Elizabeth
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：A continuum of ages exists at school entry due to the use of a single school cutoff date-making the oldest children approximately 20 percent older than the youngest children. We provide substantial evidence that these initial maturity differences have long-lasting effects on student performance across OECD countries. In particular, the youngest members of each cohort score 4-12 percentiles lower than the oldest members in grade four and 2-9 percentiles lower in grade eight. In fact, data from ...
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作者：Fisman, Raymond; Iyengar, Sheena S.; Kamenica, Emir; Simonson, Itamar
作者单位：Columbia University; Harvard University; Stanford University
摘要：We study dating behavior using data from a Speed Dating experiment where we generate random matching of subjects and create random variation in the number of potential partners. Our design allows us to directly observe individual decisions rather than just final matches. Women put greater weight on the intelligence and the race of partner, while men respond more to physical attractiveness. Moreover, men do not value women's intelligence or ambition when it exceeds their own. Also, we find that...
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作者：Reuter, J; Zitzewitz, E
作者单位：University of Oregon; Stanford University
摘要：The independence of editorial content from advertisers' influence is a cornerstone of journalistic ethics. We test whether this independence is observed in practice. We find that mutual fund recommendations are correlated with past advertising in three personal finance publications but not in two national newspapers. Our tests control for numerous fund characteristics, total advertising expenditures, and past mentions. While positive mentions significantly increase fund inflows, they do not su...
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作者：Lakdawalla, Darius; Sood, Neeraj; Goldman, Dana
作者单位：RAND Corporation; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Recent HIV treatment breakthroughs have lowered HIV mortality in the United States, but have also coincided with increased HIV incidence. We argue that these trends are causally linked, because new treatments have improved health and survival for the HIV+, increased their sexual activity, and thus facilitated HIV's spread. Using variation in state-level Medicaid eligibility rules as an instrument for HIV treatment, we find that treating HIV+ individuals more than doubles their number of sex pa...
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作者：Primiceri, Giorgio E.
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper provides an explanation for the run-up of U. S. inflation in the 1960s and 1970s and the sharp disinflation in the early 1980s, which standard macroeconomic models have difficulties in addressing. I present a model in which rational policy-makers learn about the behavior of the economy in real time and set stabilization policy optimally, conditional on their current beliefs. The steady state associated with the self-confirming equilibrium of the model is characterized by low inflati...
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作者：Greenstone, Michael; Oyer, Paul; Vissing-Jorgensen, Annette
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; Northwestern University
摘要：The 1964 Securities Acts Amendments extended the mandatory disclosure requirements that had applied to listed firms since 1934 to large firms traded Over-the-Counter (OTC). We find several pieces of evidence indicating that investors valued these disclosure requirements, two of which are particularly striking. First, a firm-level event study reveals that the OTC firms most affected by. the 1964 Amendments had abnormal excess returns of about 3.5 percent in the weeks immediately surrounding the...
