HIV breakthroughs and risky sexual behavior

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Lakdawalla, Darius; Sood, Neeraj; Goldman, Dana
• 署名单位: RAND Corporation; National Bureau of Economic Research
• 刊物名称: QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0033-5533
• DOI: 10.1162/qjec.121.3.1063
• 发表日期: 2006
• 页码: 1063-1102
• 关键词: ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; PLUS INDINAVIR; disease; aids; men; transmission; population; ZIDOVUDINE; LAMIVUDINE

摘要

Recent HIV treatment breakthroughs have lowered HIV mortality in the United States, but have also coincided with increased HIV incidence. We argue that these trends are causally linked, because new treatments have improved health and survival for the HIV+, increased their sexual activity, and thus facilitated HIV's spread. Using variation in state-level Medicaid eligibility rules as an instrument for HIV treatment, we find that treating HIV+ individuals more than doubles their number of sex partners. A change of this magnitude would increase infection risk by at least 44 percent for the HIV-negative and likely have lowered their expected welfare.