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作者：Heldring, Leander; Robinson, James A.; Vollmer, Sebastian
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of Chicago; University of Gottingen
摘要：We use the effect of the Dissolution of the English Monasteries after 1535 to test the commercialization hypothesis about the roots of long-run English economic development. Before the Dissolution, monastic lands were relatively unencumbered by inefficient feudal land tenure but could not be sold. The Dissolution created a market for formerly monastic lands, which could now be more effectively commercialized relative to nonmonastic lands, where feudal tenure persisted until the twentieth centu...
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作者：Bandiera, Oriana; Best, Michael Carlos; Khan, Adnan Qadir; Prat, Andrea
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We design a field experiment to study how the allocation of authority between frontline procurement officers and their monitors affects performance both directly and through the response to incentives. In collaboration with the government of Punjab, Pakistan, we shift authority from monitors to procurement officers and introduce financial incentives in a sample of 600 procurement officers in 26 districts. We find that autonomy alone reduces prices by 9% without reducing quality and that the ef...
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作者：Guriev, Sergei; Melnikov, Nikita; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina
作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Princeton University; Paris School of Economics
摘要：How does mobile broadband internet affect approval of government? Using Gallup World Poll surveys of 840,537 individuals from 2,232 subnational regions in 116 countries from 2008 to 2017 and the global expansion of 3G mobile networks, we show that on average, an increase in mobile broadband internet access reduces government approval. This effect is present only when the internet is not censored, and it is stronger when the traditional media are censored. 3G helps expose actual corruption in g...
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作者：Bertrand, Marianne; Bombardini, Matilde; Fisman, Raymond; Hackinen, Brad; Trebbi, Francesco
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Boston University; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：Information is central to designing effective policy, and policy makers often rely on competing interests to separate useful from biased information. We show how this logic of virtuous competition can break down, using a new and comprehensive data set on U.S. federal regulatory rulemaking for 2003-2016. For-profit corporations and nonprofit entities are active in the rulemaking process and are arguably expected to provide independent viewpoints. Policy makers, however, may not be fully aware o...
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作者：Bonomi, Giampaolo; Gennaioli, Nicola; Tabellini, Guido
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Bocconi University; Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：We present a theory of identity politics that builds on two ideas. First, when policy conflict renders a certain social divide-economic or cultural-salient, a voter identifies with her economic or cultural group. Second, the voter slants her beliefs toward the stereotype of the group she identifies with. We obtain three implications. First, voters' beliefs are polarized along the distinctive features of salient groups. Second, if the salience of cultural policies increases, cultural conflict r...
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作者：Cantoni, Enrico; Pons, Vincent
作者单位：University of Bologna; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：U.S. states increasingly require identification to vote-an ostensible attempt to deter fraud that prompts complaints of selective disenfranchisement. Using a difference-in-differences design on a panel data set with 1.6 billion observations, 2008-2018, we find that the laws have no negative effect on registration or turnout, overall or for any group defined by race, gender, age, or party affiliation. These results hold through a large number of specifications. Our most demanding specification ...
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作者：Mian, Atif; Straub, Ludwig; Sufi, Amir
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：We propose a theory of indebted demand, capturing the idea that large debt burdens lower aggregate demand, and thus the natural rate of interest. At the core of the theory is the simple yet underappreciated observation that borrowers and savers differ in their marginal propensities to save out of permanent income. Embedding this insight in a two-agent perpetual-youth model, we find that recent trends in income inequality and financial deregulation lead to indebted household demand, pushing dow...
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作者：Alan, Sule; Baysan, Ceren; Gumren, Mert; Kubilay, Elif
作者单位：European University Institute; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; University of Essex; Koc University
摘要：We evaluate the effect of an educational program that aims to build social cohesion in ethnically mixed schools by developing perspective-taking ability in children. The program is implemented in Turkish elementary schools affected by a large influx of Syrian refugee children. We measure a comprehensive set of outcomes that characterize a cohesive school environment, including peer violence incidents, the prevalence of interethnic social ties, and prosocial behavior. Using randomized variation...
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作者：Stantcheva, Stefanie
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：I study how people understand, reason, and learn about two major tax policies: income taxation and estate taxation. Using large-scale social economics surveys issued to representative U.S. samples and associated experiments, I elicit respondents' factual knowledge about tax policy and the income or wealth distributions. Most important, I study their understanding of the mechanisms of tax policy and the reasoning that underlies their policy views. In decomposing policy views, I find that suppor...
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作者：Michalopoulos, Stelios; Xue, Melanie Meng
作者单位：Brown University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Folklore is the collection of traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a community passed through the generations by word of mouth. We introduce to economics a unique catalog of oral traditions spanning approximately 1,000 societies. After validating the catalog's content by showing that the groups' motifs reflect known geographic and social attributes, we present two sets of applications. First, we illustrate how to fill in the gaps and expand upon a group's ethnographic record, focusing ...
