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作者：Agan, Amanda; Doleac, Jennifer L.; Harvey, Anna
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; National Bureau of Economic Research; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; New York University
摘要：Communities across the United States are reconsidering the public safety benefits of prosecuting nonviolent misdemeanor offenses, yet there is little empirical evidence to inform policy in this area. We report the first estimates of the causal effects of misdemeanor prosecution on defendants' subsequent criminal justice involvement. We leverage the as-if random assignment of nonviolent misdemeanor cases to assistant district attorneys (ADAs) who decide whether a case should be prosecuted in th...
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作者：Chatterjee, Shoumitro
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University
摘要：Market power of intermediaries contributes to the low incomes of farmers in India. I study the role of spatial competition between intermediaries in determining the prices that farmers receive in India by focusing on a law that restricts farmers to selling their goods to intermediaries in their own state. I show that the discontinuities in market power generated by the law translate into discontinuities in prices. Increasing spatial competition by one standard deviation causes prices received ...
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作者：Afrouzi, Hassan; Kwon, Spencer Y.; Landier, Augustin; Ma, Yueran; Thesmar, David
作者单位：Harvard University; Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris; University of Chicago; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We investigate biases in expectations across different settings through a large-scale randomized experiment where participants forecast stable stochastic processes. The experiment allows us to control forecasters' information sets as well as the data-generating process, so we can cleanly measure biases in beliefs. We report three facts. First, forecasts display significant overreaction to the most recent observation. Second, overreaction is stronger for less persistent processes. Third, overre...
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作者：Besley, Timothy; Persson, Torsten
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Stockholm University
摘要：Reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases may be almost impossible without a green transition-a substantial transformation of consumption and production patterns. To study such transitions, we propose a dynamic model, which differs from the common approach in economics in two ways. First, consumption patterns reflect not just changing prices and taxes, but changing values. Transitions of values and technologies create a dynamic complementarity that can help or hinder a green transition. Secon...
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作者：Berger, David; Bocola, Luigi; Dovis, Alessandro
作者单位：Duke University; Stanford University; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This article studies the macroeconomic implications of imperfect risk sharing implied by a class of New Keynesian models with heterogeneous agents. The models in this class can be equivalently represented as a representative-agent economy with wedges. These wedges are functions of households' consumption shares and relative wages, and they identify the key cross-sectional moments that govern the impact of households' heterogeneity on aggregate variables. We measure the wedges using U.S. househ...
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作者：Bilal, Adrien
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Unemployment rates differ widely across local labor markets. I offer new empirical evidence that high local unemployment emerges because of elevated local job-losing rates. Local employers, rather than local workers or location-specific factors, account for most of the spatial gaps in job stability. I propose a theory in which spatial differences in job loss emerge in equilibrium because of systematic differences between employers across local labor markets. The spatial sorting decisions of em...
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作者：Guarnieri, Eleonora; Tur-Prats, Ana
作者单位：University of Exeter; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of California System; University of California Merced
摘要：This article examines the relationship between ethnic-based gender norms and conflict-related sexual violence. We generate a novel dyadic data set that contains information on the ethnic identity of all the actors involved in ethnic civil conflicts around the world between 1989 and 2019 and their use of sexual violence. We exploit ethnographic information to construct a new male dominance index at the ethnicity level that captures deep-rooted gender norms. First, we find that male-dominant arm...
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作者：Bursztyn, Leonardo; Egorov, Georgy; Haaland, Ingar; Rao, Aakaash; Roth, Christopher
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Harvard University; University of Cologne; Max Planck Society; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Dissent plays an important role in any society, but dissenters are often silenced through social sanctions. Beyond their persuasive effects, rationales providing arguments supporting dissenters' causes can increase the public expression of dissent by providing a social cover for voicing otherwise stigmatized positions. Motivated by a simple theoretical framework, we experimentally show that liberals are more willing to post a tweet opposing the movement to defund the police, are seen as less p...
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作者：Beraja, Martin; Kao, Andrew; Yang, David Y.; Yuchtman, Noam
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Recent scholarship has suggested that artificial intelligence (AI) technology and autocratic regimes may be mutually reinforcing. We test for a mutually reinforcing relationship in the context of facial-recognition AI in China. To do so, we gather comprehensive data on AI firms and government procurement contracts, as well as on social unrest across China since the early 2010s. We first show that autocrats benefit from AI: local unrest leads to greater government procurement of facial-recognit...
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作者：Korting, Christina; Lieberman, Carl; Matsudaira, Jordan; Pei, Zhuan; Shen, Yi
作者单位：University of Delaware; Columbia University; Cornell University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Despite the widespread use of graphs in empirical research, little is known about readers' ability to process the statistical information they are meant to convey (``visual inference''). We study visual inference in the context of regression discontinuity (RD) designs by measuring how accurately readers identify discontinuities in graphs produced from data-generating processes calibrated on 11 published papers from leading economics journals. First, we assess the effects of different graphical...
