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作者：Brachet, Tanguy; David, Guy; Drechsler, Andrea M.
作者单位：Charles River Associates; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：The effect of shift structure on worker performance and productivity is of increasing interest to firms and regulatory bodies. Using approximately 743,000 emergency medical incidents attended by 2,381 paramedics in Mississippi, we evaluate the extent that paramedics' performance toward the end of shifts is impacted by shift length. We find evidence that performance deteriorates toward the end of long shifts, and argue that fatigue is the mediating factor. Our calculations imply that such deter...
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作者：Loken, Katrine V.; Mogstad, Magne; Wiswall, Matthew
作者单位：University of Bergen; University of London; University College London; New York University
摘要：We assess the implications of nonlinearity for IV and FE estimation when the estimated model is inappropriately assumed to be linear. Our application is the causal link between family income and child outcomes. Our nonlinear IV and FE estimates show an increasing, concave relationship between family income and children's outcomes. We find that the linear estimators miss the significant effects of family income because they assign little weight to the large marginal effects in the lower part of...
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作者：Kaboski, Joseph P.; Townsend, Robert M.
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This paper evaluates the short-and longer term impact of Thailand's Million Baht Village Fund program, among the largest scale government microfinance iniatives in the world, using pre- and post-program panel data and quasi-experimental cross-village variation in credit per household. We find that the village funds have increased total short-term credit, consumption, agricultural investment, and income growth (from business and labor), but decreased overall asset growth. We also find a positiv...
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作者：Macours, Karen; Schady, Norbert; Vakis, Renos
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; INRAE; Inter-American Development Bank; The World Bank
摘要：Cash transfer programs have become extremely popular in the developing world. A large literature analyzes their effects on schooling, health and nutrition, but relatively little is known about possible impacts on child development. This paper analyzes the impact of a cash transfer program on early childhood cognitive development. Children in households randomly assigned to receive benefits had significantly higher levels of development nine months after the program began. There is no fade-out ...
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作者：Drago, Francesco; Galbiati, Roberto
作者单位：University of Naples Federico II; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：We exploit the 2006 Italian prison pardon to evaluate peer effects in criminal behavior. The pardon randomly commutes actual sentences to expected sentences for 40 percent of the Italian prison population. Using prison and geographical origin to construct reference groups for former inmates, we find large indirect effects of this policy. In particular, we find that the reduction in the individuals' recidivism due to an increase in their peers' residual sentence is at least as large as their re...
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作者：Stoyanov, Andrey; Zubanov, Nikolay
作者单位：York University - Canada; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
摘要：Using matched firm-worker data from Danish manufacturing, we observe firm-to-firm worker movements and find that firms that hired workers from more productive firms experience productivity gains one year after the hiring. The productivity gains associated with hiring from more productive firms are equivalent to 0.35 percent per year for an average firm. Surviving a variety of statistical controls, these gains increase with education, tenure, and skill level of new hires, persist for several ye...
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作者：Bailey, Martha J.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Almost 50 years after domestic US family planning programs began, their effects on childbearing remain controversial. Using the county-level roll-out of these programs from 1964 to 1973, this paper reevaluates their shorter and longer term effects on US fertility rates. I find that the introduction of family planning is associated with significant and persistent reductions in fertility driven both by falling completed childbearing and childbearing delay. Although federally funded family planni...
