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作者：Autor, David; Duggan, Mark; Gruber, Jonathan
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Exploiting within-firm, over-time variation in plan parameters for nearly 10,000 Long Term Disability (LTD) policies held by US employers, we present the first empirical analysis of the determinants of private LTD spells. We find that a shorter waiting period and a higher replacement rate increase the incidence of LTD spells. Sixty percent of the latter effect is due to the mechanical censoring of shorter spells, with the remainder due to the deterrence of spells that would have continued beyo...
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作者：Dobbie, Will; Fryer, Roland G., Jr.
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper uses data from three prominent exam high schools in New York City to estimate the impact of attending a school with high-achieving peers on college enrollment and graduation. Our identification strategy exploits sharp discontinuities in the admissions process. Applicants just eligible for an exam school have peers that score 0.17 to 0.36 standard deviations higher on eighth grade state tests and that are 6.4 to 9.5 percentage points less likely to be black or Hispanic. However, expo...
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作者：Schumann, Abel
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：In the immediate aftermath of World War II, millions of German expellees were resettled into the new borders of Germany, but not into the parts of Germany that were occupied by France. Using a spatial regression discontinuity framework, I estimate the persistence of the population shock over a 20-year-period. Between 1945 and 1950, the inflow of people increased the population in municipalities where expellees could settle by 21.6 percent. The difference in population levels is highly persiste...
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作者：Haggag, Kareem; Paci, Giovanni
作者单位：University of Chicago; Columbia University
摘要：We examine the role of defaults in high-frequency, small-scale choices using unique data on over 13 million New York City taxi rides. Using a regression discontinuity design, we show that default tip suggestions have a large impact on tip amounts. These results are supported by a secondary analysis that uses the quasi-random assignment of customers to different cars to examine default effects on a wider range of fares. Finally, we highlight a potential cost of setting defaults too high, as a h...
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作者：Bartel, Ann P.; Beaulieu, Nancy D.; Phibbs, Ciaran S.; Stone, Patricia W.
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; US Department of Veterans Affairs; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); Stanford University; Columbia University
摘要：Using panel data from a large hospital system, this paper presents estimates of the productivity effects of human capital in a team production environment. Proxying nurses' general human capital by education and their unit-specific human capital by experience on the nursing unit, we find that greater amounts of both types of human capital significantly improve patient outcomes. Disruptions to team functioning attributable to the departure of experienced nurses, the absorption of new hires, and...
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作者：Pradhan, Menno; Suryadarma, Daniel; Beatty, Amanda; Wong, Maisy; Gaduh, Arya; Alisjahbana, Armida; Artha, Rima Prama
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Australian National University; Mathematica; University of Pennsylvania; University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Universitas Padjadjaran
摘要：Education ministries worldwide have promoted community engagement through school committees. This paper presents results from a large field experiment testing alternative approaches to strengthen school committees in public schools in Indonesia. Two novel treatments focus on institutional reforms. First, some schools were randomly assigned to implement elections of school committee members. Another treatment facilitated joint planning meetings between the school committee and the village counc...
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作者：Gruber, Jonathan; Hendren, Nathaniel; Townsend, Robert M.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper analyzes Thailand's 2001 healthcare reform, 30 Baht. The program increased funding available to hospitals to care for the poor and reduced copays to 30 Baht (similar to$0.75). Our estimates suggest the supply-side funding of the program increased healthcare utilization, especially among the poor. Moreover, we find significant impacts on infant mortality. Prior to 30 Baht, poorer provinces had significantly higher infant mortality rates than richer provinces. After 30 Baht, this corr...
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作者：DellaVigna, Stefano; Enikolopov, Ruben; Mironova, Vera; Petrova, Maria; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Barcelona School of Economics; Pompeu Fabra University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; ICREA; Paris School of Economics
摘要：How do nationalistic media affect animosity between ethnic groups? We consider one of Europe's deadliest conflicts since WWII, the Serbo-Croatian conflict. We show that, after a decade of peace, cross-border nationalistic Serbian radio triggers ethnic hatred toward Serbs in Croatia. Mostly attracted by nonpolitical content, many Croats listen to Serbian public radio (intended for Serbs in Serbia) whenever signal is available. As a result, the vote for extreme nationalist parties is higher and ...
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作者：Sekhri, Sheetal
作者单位：University of Virginia
摘要：This paper evaluates the impact of access to groundwater on poverty using data from rural India. The estimation exploits the fact that the technology required to access groundwater changes exogenously due to constraints imposed by laws of physics at a depth of eight meters. I find that rural poverty in areas where depth from surface is below the cutoff is 9 to 10 percent higher. Using survey data for a subsample of villages, I also show that disputes over irrigation water increase by 25 percen...
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作者：Garthwaite, Craig L.
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：This paper studies the economic effects of endorsements. In the publishing sector, endorsements are found to be a business stealing form of advertising that raises title level sales without expanding the market size. If anything, the endorsements decrease aggregate adult fiction sales. This might be a result of the endorsed books being more difficult than those that otherwise would have been purchased. Economically meaningful sales increases are also found for nonendorsed titles written by end...
