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• Pitfalls of Participatory Programs Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in Education in India AI翻译
  作者：Banerjee, Abhijit V.; Banerji, Rukmini; Duflo, Esther; Glennerster, Rachel; Khemani, Stuti
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); The World Bank
  摘要：Participation of beneficiaries in the monitoring of public services is increasingly seen as a key to improving their quality We conducted a randomized evaluation of three interventions to encourage beneficiaries' participation to India providing information on existing institutions, training community members in a testing tool for children, and training volunteers to hold remedial reading camps These interventions had no impact on community involvement, teacher effort, or learning outcomes ins...
• Playing With Fire Cigarettes, Taxes, and Competition from the Internet AI翻译
  作者：Goolsble, Austan; Lovenheim, Michael F.; Slemrod, Joel
  作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Cornell University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：This paper documents the rise of the Internet as a source of state tax-free cigarettes and its impact on taxed sales elasticities Using data on cigarette tax rates, taxable cigarette sales and individual smoking rates by state from 1980 to 2005 merged with data on Internet penetration, this paper documents that there has been a substantial increase in the sensitivity of taxable cigarette sales to state tax rates that is correlated with the rise of Internet usage within states The estimates imp...
• Input Constraints and the Efficiency of Entry Lessons from Cardiac Surgery AI翻译
  作者：Cutler, David M.; Huckman, Robert S.; Kolstad, Jonathan T.
  作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Prior studies suggest that with elastically supplied inputs free entry may lead to an inefficiently high number of firms in equilibrium Under input scarcity however, the welfare loss from free entry is reduced Further, free entry may increase use of high-quality inputs, as oligopolistic firms underuse these inputs when entry is constrained We assess these predictions by examining how the 1996 repeal of certificate-of-need (CON) legislation in Pennsylvania affected the market for cardiac surger...
• The Optimal Taxation of Height A Case Study of Utilitarian Income Redistribution AI翻译
  作者：Mankiw, N. Gregory; Weinzierl, Matthew
  作者单位：Harvard University
  摘要：Should the income tax include a credit for short taxpayers and a surcharge for tall ones? The standard utilitarian framework for tax analysis answers this question in the affirmative Moreover, a plausible parameterization using data on height and wages implies a substantial height tax a tall person earning $50,000 should pay $4,500 more in tax than a short person One interpretation is that personal attributes correlated with wages should be considered more widely for determining tales Alternat...