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作者：Fitzpatrick, Maria D.; Lovenheim, Michael F.
作者单位：Cornell University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Early retirement incentives (ERIs) are increasingly prevalent in education as districts seek to close budget gaps by replacing expensive experienced teachers with lower cost newer teachers. Combined with the aging of the teacher workforce, these ERIs are likely to change the composition of teachers dramatically in the coming years. We use exogenous variation from an ERI program in Illinois in the mid-1990s to provide the first evidence in the literature of the effects of large-scale teacher re...
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作者：Basso, Leonardo J.; Silva, Hugo E.
作者单位：Universidad de Chile; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute
摘要：This paper analyzes the efficiency of and the substitutability between three urban congestion management policies: transit subsidization, car congestion pricing, and dedicated bus lanes. The model features user heterogeneity, cross-congestion effects between cars and transit, intertemporal and total transport demand elasticities, and is simulated using data for London, UK and Santiago, Chile. We find that the substitutability between policies is large and, in particular, the marginal contribut...
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作者：Frankel, Alexander
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：I present a simple and tractable model of the optimal taxation of married couples, working off of the multidimensional screening framework of Armstrong and Rochet (1999). In particular, I study how the tax code varies with the degree of assortative mating. One result is that the negative jointness of marginal tax rates found in Kleven, Kreiner, and Saez (2007, 2009) for couples with uncorrelated earnings should be attenuated in the presence of assortative mating. When mating is sufficiently as...
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作者：Piketty, Thomas; Saez, Emmanuel; Stantcheva, Stefanie
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This paper derives optimal top tax rate formulas in a model where top earners respond to taxes through three channels: labor supply, tax avoidance, and compensation bargaining. The optimal top tax rate increases when there are zero-sum compensation-bargaining effects. We present empirical evidence consistent with bargaining effects. Top tax rate cuts are associated with top one percent pretax income shares increases but not higher economic growth. US CEO pay for luck is quantitatively more pre...
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作者：Lundqvist, Helene; Dahlberg, Matz; Mork, Eva
作者单位：Stockholm University; Uppsala University; Uppsala University
摘要：We apply the regression kink design to the Swedish grant system and estimate causal effects of intergovernmental grants on local public employment. Our robust conclusion is that grants do not stimulate local public employment. We find no statistically significant effects on total local public employment, and we can exclude even moderate effects. When disaggregating the total effect by sector, we find that personnel in the traditional welfare sectors are unaffected, a conclusion which applies t...
